High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women in a Turkish population and impact on perinatal outcomes

Aydoğmuş, Serpil; Kelekçi, Sefa; Aydoğmuş, Hüseyin; Eriş, Serenat; Desdicioğlu, Raziye; Yılmaz, Bülent; Sağlam, Gülcan

doi:10.3109/14767058.2014.969235

Cited by 30 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The result of this process is a several-fold increase in serum vitamin D level in healthy pregnancy compared with the prepregnancy level [65]. However, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is increased among pregnant women, despite sufficient exposure to sunlight [66]. These data collectively suggest the supportive effect of pregnancy for anti-pancreatic β-cell autoimmunity development (in addition to underlying genetic susceptibility) [10,41,42].…”

Section: Pregnancy In Women At Risk Of T1d May Results In Autoimmune Gmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The actions of IL-15 are modulated by vitamin D in many regulations, including maturation of adipocytes capable of producing adipokines [101]. However, the vitamin D level in pregnant women is commonly very low [66], which also affects calcium metabolism. In the presence of a low calcium level, 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 favors the expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-15) and inhibits the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (adiponectin) by adipocytes and muscle cells [102].…”

Section: Pregnancy In Women At Risk Of T2d May Results In Non-autoimmumentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Recommendations for the Use of Islet Cell Autoantibodies to Distinguish Autoimmune and Non-Autoimmune Gestational Diabetes

Haller-Kikkatalo

Uibo

2014

Clinic Rev Allerg Immunol

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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as carbohydrate intolerance that begins or is first recognized during pregnancy. The prevalence of GDM is highly variable, depending on the population studied, and reflects the underlying pattern of diabetes in the population. GDM manifests by the second half of pregnancy and disappears following delivery in most cases, but is associated with the risk of subsequent diabetes development. Normal pregnancy induces carbohydrate intolerance to favor the availability of nutrients for the fetus, which is compensated by increased insulin secretion from the maternal pancreas. Pregnancy shares similarities with adiposity in metabolism to save energy, and both conditions favor the development of insulin resistance (IR) and low-grade inflammation. A highly complicated network of modified regulatory mechanisms may primarily affect carbohydrate metabolism by promoting autoimmune reactions to pancreatic β cells and affecting insulin function. As a result, diabetes development during pregnancy is facilitated. Depending on a pregnant woman's genetic susceptibility to diabetes, autoimmune mechanisms or IR are fundamental to the development autoimmune or non-autoimmune GDM, respectively. Pregnancy may facilitate the identification of women at risk of developing diabetes later in life; autoimmune and non-autoimmune GDM may be early markers of the risk of future type 1 and type 2 diabetes, respectively. The most convenient and efficient way to discriminate GDM types is to assess pancreatic β-cell autoantibodies along with diagnosing diabetes in pregnancy.

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Section: Pregnancy In Women At Risk Of T1d May Results In Autoimmune Gmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Pregnancy In Women At Risk Of T2d May Results In Non-autoimmumentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Recommendations for the Use of Islet Cell Autoantibodies to Distinguish Autoimmune and Non-Autoimmune Gestational Diabetes

Haller-Kikkatalo

Uibo

2014

Clinic Rev Allerg Immunol

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“…One of the factors accepted as a regulator is vitamin D. In a study, small for gestational age probability was found to be 7.5 fold higher in the babies of the mothers with <15 ng/mL vitamin D levels23). But, on the other hand, there are also studies which did not find a relationship between the pregnancy vitamin D levels and birth weight and length.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cord blood vitamin D levels on the risk of neonatal sepsis in premature infants

Uraş

Şahin

et al. 2017

Korean J Pediatr

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PurposeVitamin D plays a key role in immune function. Vitamin D deficiency may play a role in the pathogenesis of infections, and low levels of circulating vitamin D are strongly associated with infectious diseases. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of low vitamin D levels in cord blood on neonatal sepsis in preterm infants.MethodsOne hundred seventeen premature infants with gestational age of <37 weeks were enrolled. In the present study, severe vitamin D deficiency (group 1) was defined as a 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration <5 ng/mL; vitamin D insufficiency (group 2), 25(OH)D concentration ≥5 ng/mL and <15 ng/mL; and vitamin D sufficiency (group 3), 25(OH)D concentration ≥15 ng/mL.ResultsSixty-three percent of the infants had deficient levels of cord blood vitamin D (group 1), 24% had insufficient levels (group 2), and 13% were found to have sufficient levels (group 3). The rate of neonatal sepsis was higher in group 2 than in groups 1 and 3.ConclusionThere was no significant relationship between the cord blood vitamin D levels and the risk of neonatal sepsis in premature infants.

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“…Zhang et al (2017) in a systematic review and meta-analysis, which included 5 cohort studies, [55][56][57][58][59] concluded that an extremely low 25(OH)D level (<20 ng/mL) was significantly associated with an increased risk of SA in the first trimester. Zhang et al (2017) in a systematic review and meta-analysis, which included 5 cohort studies, [55][56][57][58][59] concluded that an extremely low 25(OH)D level (<20 ng/mL) was significantly associated with an increased risk of SA in the first trimester.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent pregnancy loss and vitamin D: A review of the literature

Gonçalves

Braga

et al. 2018

American J Rep Immunol

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Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) affects approximately 1%-2% of reproductive women. Auto- and cellular immune responses seem to be associated with RPL. Vitamin D (VD) has been shown to play a role in the modulation of the immune system. Effects of VD deficiency (VDD) in pregnancy have been associated with preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, fetal growth restriction, preterm labor, and sporadic spontaneous abortion (SA). We systematically reviewed articles that studied women with 2 or more SA and its association with VD. Eleven studies were included. Studies reported a high prevalence of VD insufficiency (VDI) or VDD in women with RPL and suggested that this could be associated with immunological dysregulation and consequently with RPL. Immunological benefits were reported in the peripheral blood of women with RPL after VD exposure. Thus, it is possible to speculate a beneficial role for VD supplementation in RPL. It seems that there are not differences in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and CYP27B1 expression in endometrium of women with RPL but, in villous and decidual tissues, RPL women seem to have a decreased expression of VDR and, perhaps, a decreased expression of CYP27B1. Further randomized controlled studies are required to investigate the association between VDD or VDI and RPL.

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High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women in a Turkish population and impact on perinatal outcomes

Abstract: This study has shown that maternal vitamin D deficiency is related with an increased risk of SGA delivery. Further studies are needed to explain the relationship with vitamin D deficiency and poor perinatal outcomes.

Cited by 30 publications

References 24 publications

Clinical Recommendations for the Use of Islet Cell Autoantibodies to Distinguish Autoimmune and Non-Autoimmune Gestational Diabetes

Clinical Recommendations for the Use of Islet Cell Autoantibodies to Distinguish Autoimmune and Non-Autoimmune Gestational Diabetes

Effects of cord blood vitamin D levels on the risk of neonatal sepsis in premature infants

Recurrent pregnancy loss and vitamin D: A review of the literature

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