High quality reference genomes for toxigenic and non-toxigenic Vibrio cholerae serogroup O139

Dorman, Matthew J.; Domman, Daryl; Uddin, Muhammad Ikhtear; Sharmin, Salma; Afrad, Mokibul Hassan; Begum, Yasmin; Qadri, Firdausi; Thomson, Nicholas R.

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-41883-x

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Importantly, although multiple O139 genomes have now been sequenced, the MO10 PilT sequence is unique. Moreover, with respect to this variant, the genomes of four contemporary O139 isolates all contain a canonical PilT identical to that of A1552 [71]. Consequently, our data suggest that caution should be used when interpreting pilus related phenotypes in MO10 ( e .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The type IV pilus protein PilU functions as a PilT-dependent retraction ATPase

Pereira

Stoudmann

et al. 2019

PLoS Genet

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Type IV pili are dynamic cell surface appendages found throughout the bacteria. The ability of these structures to undergo repetitive cycles of extension and retraction underpins their crucial roles in adhesion, motility and natural competence for transformation. In the beststudied systems a dedicated retraction ATPase PilT powers pilus retraction. Curiously, a second presumed retraction ATPase PilU is often encoded immediately downstream of pilT. However, despite the presence of two potential retraction ATPases, pilT deletions lead to a total loss of pilus function, raising the question of why PilU fails to take over. Here, using the DNA-uptake pilus and mannose-sensitive haemagglutinin (MSHA) pilus of Vibrio cholerae as model systems, we show that inactivated PilT variants, defective for either ATP-binding or hydrolysis, have unexpected intermediate phenotypes that are PilU-dependent. In addition to demonstrating that PilU can function as a bona fide retraction ATPase, we go on to make the surprising discovery that PilU functions exclusively in a PilT-dependent manner and identify a naturally occurring pandemic V. cholerae PilT variant that renders PilU essential for pilus function. Finally, we show that Pseudomonas aeruginosa PilU also functions as a PilT-dependent retraction ATPase, providing evidence that the functional coupling between PilT and PilU could be a widespread mechanism for optimal pilus retraction.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The type IV pilus protein PilU functions as a PilT-dependent retraction ATPase

Pereira

Stoudmann

et al. 2019

PLoS Genet

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“…Discrepancies may also be caused by the detection of toxigenic non-O1/O139 V. cholerae by PCR. However, the likelihood of having toxigenic strains of serogroups other than O1 or O139, even though they have been implicated as a cause of cholera-like outbreaks [32,33], is low and has not been reported in a similar epidemiological context. The majority of concordant pairs in RDT/PCR results suggests nonetheless that the V. cholerae strains detected were toxigenic O1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and diversity of enteric pathogens among cholera treatment centre patients with acute diarrhea in Uvira, Democratic Republic of Congo

et al. 2020

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Background Cholera remains a major global health challenge. Uvira, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), has had endemic cholera since the 1970’s and has been implicated as a possible point of origin for national outbreaks. A previous study among this population, reported a case confirmation rate of 40% by rapid diagnostic test (RDT) among patients at the Uvira Cholera Treatment Centre (CTC). This study considers the prevalence and diversity of 15 enteric pathogens in suspected cholera cases seeking treatment at the Uvira CTC. Methods We used the Luminex xTAG® multiplex PCR to test for 15 enteric pathogens, including toxigenic strains of V. cholerae in rectal swabs preserved on Whatman FTA Elute cards. Results were interpreted on MAGPIX® and analyzed on the xTAG® Data Analysis Software. Prevalence of enteric pathogens were calculated and pathogen diversity was modelled with a Poisson regression. Results Among 269 enrolled CTC patients, PCR detected the presence of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae in 38% (103/269) of the patients, which were considered to be cholera cases. These strains were detected as the sole pathogen in 36% (37/103) of these cases. Almost half (45%) of all study participants carried multiple enteric pathogens (two or more). Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (36%) and Cryptosporidium (28%) were the other most common pathogens identified amongst all participants. No pathogen was detected in 16.4% of study participants. Mean number of pathogens was highest amongst boys and girls aged 1–15 years and lowest in women aged 16–81 years. Ninety-three percent of toxigenic V. cholerae strains detected by PCR were found in patients having tested positive for V. cholerae O1 by RDT. Conclusions Our study supports previous results from DRC and other cholera endemic areas in sub-Sahara Africa with less than half of CTC admissions positive for cholera by PCR. More research is required to determine the causes of severe acute diarrhea in these low-resource, endemic areas to optimize treatment measures. Trial registration This study is part of the impact evaluation study entitled: “Impact Evaluation of Urban Water Supply Improvements on Cholera and Other Diarrheal Diseases in Uvira, Democratic Republic of Congo” registered on 10 October 2016 at clinicaltrials.gov Identification number: NCT02928341.

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“…cholerae O1 or O139 is detected. Additional genomic studies will be helpful in documenting their enterotoxicity and to compare other attributes of recent strains with earlier strains, especially those isolated before the gap years when erythromycin resistance appeared [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, these cases are consistent with the World Health Organization definition of a cholera case as a patient with acute watery diarrheal disease from whom V. cholerae O1 or O139 is detected. Additional genomic studies will be helpful in documenting their enterotoxicity and to compare other attributes of recent strains with earlier strains, especially those isolated before the gap years when erythromycin resistance appeared [21].…”

Section: Plos Neglected Tropical Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibrio cholerae O139 persists in Dhaka, Bangladesh since 1993

et al. 2021

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Background After a multi-country Asian outbreak of cholera due to Vibrio cholerae serogroup O139 which started in 1992, it is rarely detected from any country in Asia and has not been detected from patients in Africa. Methodology/Principal findings We extracted surveillance data from the Dhaka and Matlab Hospitals of International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b) to review trends in isolation of Vibrio cholerae O139 in Bangladesh. Data from the Dhaka Hospital is a 2% sample of > 100,000 diarrhoeal patients treated annually. Data from the Matlab Hospital includes all diarrhoeal patients who hail from the villages included in the Matlab Health and Demographic Surveillance System. Vibrio cholerae O139 was first isolated in Dhaka in 1993 and had been isolated every year since then except for a gap between 2005 and 2008. An average of thirteen isolates was detected annually from the Dhaka Hospital during the last ten years, yielding an estimated 650 cases annually at this hospital. During the last ten years, cases due to serogroup O139 represented 0.47% of all cholera cases; the others being due to serogroup O1. No cases with serogroup O139 were identified at Matlab since 2006. Clinical signs and symptoms of cholera due to serogroup O139 were similar to cases due to serogroup O1 though more of the O139 cases were not dehydrated. Most isolates of O139 remained sensitive to tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and azithromycin, but they became resistant to erythromycin starting in 2009. Conclusions/Significance Cholera due to Vibrio cholerae serogroup O139 continues to cause typical cholera in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

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High quality reference genomes for toxigenic and non-toxigenic Vibrio cholerae serogroup O139

Cited by 18 publications

References 76 publications

The type IV pilus protein PilU functions as a PilT-dependent retraction ATPase

The type IV pilus protein PilU functions as a PilT-dependent retraction ATPase

Prevalence and diversity of enteric pathogens among cholera treatment centre patients with acute diarrhea in Uvira, Democratic Republic of Congo

Vibrio cholerae O139 persists in Dhaka, Bangladesh since 1993

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