High Rate of Infection with the Human T-Cell Leukemia Retrovirus Type II in Four Indian Populations of Argentina

Ferrer, Jorge F.; Pino, Noemí del; Esteban, Eduardo; Sherman, Michael P.; Dube, Syamalima; Dube, Dipak K.; Basombrío, Miguel Á.; Pimentel, Eduardo; Segovia, Amalia; Quirulas, Sonia; Poiesz, Bernard J.

doi:10.1006/viro.1993.1631

Cited by 73 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…Both subtypes have been identified in the Americas, including indigenous Amerindian tribes (Dube et al, 1993 ;Ferret et al, 1993;Ishak et al, 1995). Also, in Africa, both HTLV-IIa and HTLV-IIb are present (Gessain et al, , 1995Igarishi et al, 1993).…”

Section: -M Vandamme and Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The presence of a divergent T-lymphotropic virus in a wild-caught pygmy chimpanzee (Pan paniscus) supports an African origin for the human T-lymphotropic/simian T-lymphotropic group of viruses

Vandamme

Liu

Brussel

et al. 1996

Journal of General Virology

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We isolated a divergent simian T-lymphotropic virus (STLV) (strain PP1664) from a wild-caught African bonobo (pygmy chimpanzee, Pan paniscus). Molecular and phylogenetic characterization of this virus show that it reliably separates from the two well-established primate T-lymphotropic virus types, HTLV-I/STLV-I (PTLV-I) and PTLV-II, and from a third type isolated from an African-born Papio hamadryas and designated by us as PTLV-L. Four of eight bonobos kept at the Antwerp Zoo, Belgium, showed an aberrant PTLV serology. We amplified and sequenced a 709 bp PTLV proviral tax/rex fragment from one of the reactive bonobos. It differs by about 25 % from the homologous nucleotide sequences of PTLV-I and PTLV-L and by about 17 % from PTLV-II. This is comparable to the differences among the three known types. Including the most divergent STLV-I strains sequenced to date, for example, strain PHSul sequenced here, the divergence in this region within PTLV-I is less than 11% and within PTLV-II less than 4 %. Although very divergent, this new bonobo STLV is the closest well-characterized simian relative of HTLV-II, raising the possibility of very divergent new HTLV strains. Our results show that the number of PTLV types should be considered open and that the variety of indigenous viruses in the PTLV group is greatest in Africa. Thus, as for the other primate retroviruses HIV and SIV, PTLV most probably has its origins in Africa.

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Section: -M Vandamme and Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The presence of a divergent T-lymphotropic virus in a wild-caught pygmy chimpanzee (Pan paniscus) supports an African origin for the human T-lymphotropic/simian T-lymphotropic group of viruses

Vandamme

Liu

Brussel

et al. 1996

Journal of General Virology

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“…10,17 Several studies have indicated the presence of HTLV-2 in Matacos and Tobas Indians from Argentina and the Atacama population from Chile. 13,20,22 The seroprevalences of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 among the Indians of the Amazon region of Peru studied were comparable (0.44% versus 0.44%). Moreover, our finding is the first reported with regard to the presence of HTLV-2 in these aboriginal populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Previous studies have not found any serologic evidence of sexually transmitted infections with the spirochete Treponema pallidum, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and HIV among the Tobas Indians. 13 Although Chagas' disease is endemic among the Tobas and Matacos Indians (prevalence ϭ 37.50% and 50%, respectively, Serra H, unpublished data), none of the HTLV-1/2-positive sera showed Chagas' disease-specific seroreactivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…4,5 With the exception of the reported HTLV-2 endemic infection in Indians from Argentina, 13,20 there are no other confirmed reports of HTLV-1/2 infection in the aboriginal Indians from the Amazon region of Peru.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Recently, a high rate of infection with HTLV-2 has been reported in Indian populations from Argentina. 13 Established risk factors for HTLV-1/2 infection are extremely rare in these populations.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of antibody to human T cell lymphotropic virus types 1/2 among aboriginal groups inhabiting northern Argentina and the Amazon region of Peru.

Medeot¹,

Nates²,

Recalde³

et al. 1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. We carried out a seroepidemiologic survey to define the prevalence of human T cell lymphotropic virus types 1/2 (HTLV-1/2) infections among aboriginal populations from isolated regions of northern Argentina and the Amazon region of Peru. Antibodies against HTLV were measured with agglutination tests and confirmed with by an immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and Western blotting. Five (6.94%) of 72 samples from the Tobas Indians in Argentina were positive by the IFA; two samples were typed as HTLV-1 (2.78%), two as HTLV-2 (2.78%), and one (1.39%) could not be typed because it had similar antibody titers against both viruses. No positive samples were found among 84 Andinos Puneños and 47 Matacos Wichis Indians. Seroprevalences of 2.50% (1 of 40) and 1.43% (1 of 70) for HTLV-1 were observed among Wayku and San Francisco communities in the Amazon region of Peru, and seroprevalences of 4.54% (1 of 22) and 2.38% (1 of 42) for HTLV-2 were observed among Boca Colorada and Galilea communities. No serologic evidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was found among the Indians tested. These results indicated the presence of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 in the indigenous populations of Argentina and Peru. Moreover, the lack of HIV infection indicates that the virus has probably not yet been introduced into these populations.

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Evidence in Gabon for an intrafamilial clustering with mother-to-child and sexual transmission of a new molecular variant of human T-lymphotropic virus type-II subtype B

et al. 1996

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Following the observation of an HTLV-II seropositive 60-year-old woman living in Gabon (Central Africa), a serologic and molecular study of her family members was conducted in an attempt to determine the duration of the HTLV-II infection and the modes of transmission of the virus. Among 41 family members, five were HTLV-I seropositive and 7 exhibited specific HTLV-II antibodies in their sera as demonstrated by high immunofluorescence titers on C19 cells and/or specific Western-blot pattern. The second husband of the index case and two of his sisters were infected by the virus, suggesting the presence of HTLV-II in this family over two generations. Sequence analysis of an amplified fragment of 172 nucleotides within the gp21 of the env region (6469-6640) of four HTLV-II infected individuals revealed a new HTLV-II molecular variant of the subtype b diverging from the prototypes NRA and G12 by seven (4.1%) and five (2.9%) bases substitutions, respectively. Molecular analysis of the total env gene (1462 bp) and fragments of the pol and pX regions confirmed that this new African variant was the most divergent HTLV-II subtype b yet described, exhibiting 2.3% of nucleotide substitutions in the env gene (33 bases) as compared to the two HTLV-II b prototypes. These data demonstrate, for the first time in Africa, intrafamilial both mother-to-child transmission and sexual transmission between spouses of an HTLV-II b molecular variant, and also suggest that this virus has been present in Gabon for a long period of time.

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High Rate of Infection with the Human T-Cell Leukemia Retrovirus Type II in Four Indian Populations of Argentina

Cited by 73 publications

References 0 publications

The presence of a divergent T-lymphotropic virus in a wild-caught pygmy chimpanzee (Pan paniscus) supports an African origin for the human T-lymphotropic/simian T-lymphotropic group of viruses

The presence of a divergent T-lymphotropic virus in a wild-caught pygmy chimpanzee (Pan paniscus) supports an African origin for the human T-lymphotropic/simian T-lymphotropic group of viruses

Prevalence of antibody to human T cell lymphotropic virus types 1/2 among aboriginal groups inhabiting northern Argentina and the Amazon region of Peru.

Evidence in Gabon for an intrafamilial clustering with mother-to-child and sexual transmission of a new molecular variant of human T-lymphotropic virus type-II subtype B

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