High rate of transmission in a pulmonary tuberculosis outbreak in a primary school, north-eastern Italy, 2019

Cinquetti, Sandro; Dalmanzio, Maria; Ros, Elisa; Gentili, Davide; Ramigni, Mauro; Grossi, Adriano; Andrianou, Xanthi; Torre, Leonardo Ermanno La; Rigoli, Roberto; Scotton, Pier Giorgio; Taraschi, Angela; Baldo, Vincenzo; Napoletano, Giuseppina; Russo, Francesca; Pezzotti, Patrizio; Rezza, Giovanni; Filia, Antonietta

doi:10.2807/1560-7917.es.2019.24.24.1900332

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The present study was conducted during a tuberculosis outbreak that occurred in early 2019 in a primary school in north-eastern Italy [17]. The index case of the outbreak, a 10-year-old child, was notified to the local health authorities (LHA) on 5 March 2019.…”

Section: Study Setting and Description Of The Outbreakmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Communication Measures Implemented During a School Tuberculosis Outbreak on Risk Perception among Parents and School Staff, Italy, 2019

Gentili

Bardin

Ros

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Risk perception has a significant impact on decisions people make when facing a threat: a mismatch between actual hazard and perceived risk can lead to inappropriate behaviours and suboptimal compliance to recommended public health measures. The present study was conducted in the aftermath of a tuberculosis (TB) outbreak that occurred in 2019 in a primary school in Italy. The aim was to evaluate the impact of communication measures implemented by local health authorities (including face-to-face meetings between LHAs and the local population, weekly press announcements, implementation of a telephone hotline and of an information desk, and social media communication), on risk perception among parents of schoolchildren and school staff, and to identify factors related to a change in risk perception before and after the said activities. An anonymous questionnaire was administered to parents of schoolchildren (n = 846) and to school staff (n = 70). Participants were asked about the level of risk they had perceived at two distinct times: when they first became aware of the outbreak and following implementation of communication activities. A significant reduction of perceived risk was found in both groups (p < 0.001) following the communication activities. The largest reduction was found among participants who reported having appreciated the meetings with the LHA healthcare staff. Our findings suggest that keeping an open approach, explaining the actual threat to the population and adapting communication to different listening skills, are essential for health authorities to successfully manage a public health emergency.

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Section: Study Setting and Description Of The Outbreakmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Communication Measures Implemented During a School Tuberculosis Outbreak on Risk Perception among Parents and School Staff, Italy, 2019

Gentili

Bardin

Ros

et al. 2020

IJERPH

Self Cite

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“…Later, smear microscopy came back positive and a standard treatment for TB was started. A source tracing investigation was initiated immediately, using the "progressive, concentric circles" approach (22), by screening household contacts, primary classmates, school staff, and roommates, defined as contacts with a cumulative exposure of 8 h in a small space equivalent to a domestic space (22). Screening was performed by clinical symptoms, TST, and/or CXR, according to national guidelines (5).…”

Section: Description Of Index Case and Epidemiological Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis Outbreak in an Educational Institution in Henan Province, China

Liu

Liang

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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On June 17, 2018, a case of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) was reported among students at a senior high school in Luoning, China. The outbreak encompassed a total of 23 cases along with TB screening in the whole school by means of PPD and chest X-ray. By the end of September 2018, the entire 9 cases cultured positive had epidemiological association. All of the 9 Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) isolates available were sensitive to all drugs tested and had similar spoligotyping and 15 loci mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit-variable-number tandem-repeat (MIRU-VNTR) profile. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of the Mtb isolates revealed 20 variable nucleotide positions within 8 cases, indicating a clonal outbreak. The index case, which was first identified and diagnosed, is separated from the cluster by a minimum number of 95 distinct SNPs. Minimum distance spanning tree (MST) indicted that the 8 cases were indeed part of a single transmission chain. It was concluded that this is an epidemic situation of TB outbreak exposed by the aggrieved index case at school, which was caused by the veiled infectious case wherein a student was suffering from TB and attending school simultaneously.

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“…Sekolah merupakan salah satu tempat yang memungkinkan terjadinya penularan penyakit infeksi (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2019;Linkon et al, 2015;Lu et al, 2012). Ada banyak penyakit infeksi yang ditemukan penularannya di sekolah terutama pada penyakit pernapasan seperti Influenza Virus A (H1N1) (Hens et al, 2012); tuberkulosis (W. Chen et al, 2012;Cinquetti et al, 2019;Fang et al, 2009;Golesi et al, 2013), rubella (Chang et al, 2017), pertusis (Liu et al, 2017), pneumonia, batuk rejan (whooping cough), dan influenza (Linkon et al, 2015), termasuk juga didalamnya penularan pada COVID-19 (Ismail et al, 2020). Tingginya penyebaran penyakit infeksi di sekolah dikarenakan kontak yang sering dan dekat (Flasche & Edmunds, 2020).…”

Section: [Jurnal Kreativitas Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (Pkm) P-iss...unclassified

Edukasi Etika Batuk, Bersin Dan Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun Untuk Pencegahan Penularan Covid-19 Pada Siswa-Siswi

2022

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ABSTRAK Pemberlakuan pembelajaran tatap muka terbatas di masa pandemi COVID-19 merupakan hal yang kontroversi. Hal ini dikarenakan sekolah merupakan salah satu tempat yang berpotensi menjadi penularan COVID-19. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan terdapat kasus COVID-19 pada siswa dan pegawai sekolah setelah sekolah dibuka kembali. Tindakan pencegahan diperlukan agar penularan ini tidak terjadi. Tujuan kegiatan ini yaitu memberikan pengetahuan berkaitan pencegahan penularan covid-19 seperti etika batuk/ bersin dan Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun (CTPS). Edukasi ini dilakukan secara daring dengan menggunakan ceramah dan audio visual serta pemutaran video CTPS. Kegiatan ini juga dilakukan pre-test dan post-test untuk mengukur pengetahuan siswa-siswi. Pre-test dilakukan sebelum dilakukan edukasi dan post-test dilakukan setelah edukasi dengan memberikan kuesioner sebanyak 5 pertanyaan. Hasil pre dan post-test menunjukkan bahwa siswa mengetahui bahwa yang ditularkan penderita ke orang yang sehat adalah virus Sars Cov-2 (dari 21,7% menjadi 43,6%), mengetahui cara mencegah penularan covid-19 yang baik ketika batuk/ bersin yaitu bukan dengan menutupnya dengan telapak tangan (dari 47.8% menjadi 82.6%), mengetahui bahwa etika batuk/ bersin membantu menahan cairan/ droplet keluar dari mulut dan hidung (dari 82.6% menjadi 87%), mengetahui cairan hand sanitizer kurang efektif mencegah penularan covid-19 dibandingkan CTPS ( dari 56.5% menjadi 78.3%). Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan siswa-siswi berkaitan tentang etika batuk/ bersin dan CTPS. Kata Kunci: Edukasi, Etika Batuk, CTPS, Covid-19 ABSTRACT Implementation of limited face-to-face learning during the Covid-19 pandemic has been controversial. It is because school is one of the places can transmit of covid-19. Many research revealed increasing covid-19 cases in students and staff after reopening schools. It is necessary to take preventive measures so that transmission does not occur. The purpose of this activity is to provide knowledge related to preventing the spread of COVID-19, such as coughing/sneezing etiquette and washing hands with soap. This education is conducted online using lectures, audio-visuals, and handwashing with soap video playback. This activity is also carried out pre-test and post-test to measure students' knowledge. Pre and Post-test were given before and after the education was carried out by giving five-question through the questionnaire. The result of pre and post-test performed that students knew that the sufferers transmitted to healthy people is Sars Cov-2 virus (from 21.7% to 43.6%) and covering with the palm when cough/ sneeze is not adequate to prevent the transmission of covid-19 (from 47.8% to 82.6%). It also showed that coughing/sneezing etiquette helps keep fluids/droplets out of the mouth and nose (from 82.6% to 87%), and hand sanitizer is ineffective in preventing the transmission of covid-19 compared to hand wash with soap (from 56.5% to 78.3%). The conclusion is increased students' knowledge regarding cough/sneeze etiquette and handwashing with soap. Keywords: Education, Cough Etiquette, Washing Hands With Soap, Covid-19

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High rate of transmission in a pulmonary tuberculosis outbreak in a primary school, north-eastern Italy, 2019

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Impact of Communication Measures Implemented During a School Tuberculosis Outbreak on Risk Perception among Parents and School Staff, Italy, 2019

Impact of Communication Measures Implemented During a School Tuberculosis Outbreak on Risk Perception among Parents and School Staff, Italy, 2019

Tuberculosis Outbreak in an Educational Institution in Henan Province, China

Edukasi Etika Batuk, Bersin Dan Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun Untuk Pencegahan Penularan Covid-19 Pada Siswa-Siswi

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