High rates of sediment transport by flashfloods in the Southern Judean Desert, Israel

Cohen, Hai; Laronne, Jonathan B.

doi:10.1002/hyp.5630

Cited by 103 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…This partly reflects the way in which overland flow, generated on smooth or steeply sloping ground surfaces having sparse vegetation cover, may deliver sudden-onset flood flows and result in rapidly rising hydrographs (Smith and Ward, 1998). Cohen and Laronne (2005) state that suspended sediment transported by flash floods in deserts is much higher than what is typical of perennial fluvial humid environments. The sediment yield of individual events is large, but the small number of floods limits the mean annual sediment yield to low values in these arid environments.…”

Section: Flash Flood Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Karst flash floods: an example from the Dinaric karst (Croatia)

Bonacci

Ljubenkov

Roje-Bonacci

2006

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

127

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Abstract. Flash floods constitute one of the deadliest and costliest natural disasters worldwide. This paper explains the karst flash flood phenomenon, which represents a special kind of flash flood. As the majority of flash floods karst flash floods are caused by intensive short-term precipitation in an area whose surface rarely exceeds a few square kilometres. The characteristics of all flash floods are their short duration, small areal extent, high flood peaks and rapid flows, and heavy loss of life and property. Karst flash floods have specific characteristics due to special conditions for water circulation, which exist in karst terrains. During karst flash floods a sudden rise of groundwater levels occurs, which causes the appearance of numerous, unexpected, abundant and temporary karst springs. This paper presents in detail an example of a karst flash flood in the Marina bay (Dinaric karst region of Croatia), which occurred in December 2004.

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Section: Flash Flood Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Karst flash floods: an example from the Dinaric karst (Croatia)

Bonacci

Ljubenkov

Roje-Bonacci

2006

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

127

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“…The northwestern part of the region is characterized by a dry Mediterranean climate whereas the rest has a semi-arid to hyper-arid climate, with typical ephemeral flow regimes (e.g. Ben-Zvi 1982, Reid et al 1999, Cohen and Laronne 2005.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red Sea Trough flood events in the Negev, Israel (1964–2007)

Shentsis

Laronne

Alpert

2012

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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Results of a comprehensive synoptic-hydrological analysis of major flood events in the Negev are presented. A low threshold for major flood data was set to be the 10-year recurrence interval of peak discharge and/or flood volume magnitude. Altogether, 75 major flood events, or 133 hydrometrically monitored floods, were extracted. These events were categorized according to synoptic oriented classes by verification of the paired databases of: (a) floods in the study area, and (b) synoptic systems over the Eastern Mediterranean. For the study area, two of the most frequent flood-generating synoptic systems are the autumn Red Sea Trough (RST), 31%, and winter cyclones, 49%. The entire RST series consists of 24 major flood events (55 floods). The synoptic definition was corroborated by analysing the specific form of flood hydrographs and the ratio of flood volume to peak discharge. Regional analysis shows increased contribution of RST events southwards from 30% to 90% with a respective decrease in the number of cyclone events. By comparing two 22-year sub-periods (1964-1985 and 1986-2007), a positive trend in the frequency and magnitudes of RST flood events is discerned. There is also an increased tendency for the occurrence of cyclone floods.Key words floods; synoptic system; Red Sea Trough (RST); climate change; Negev; Arava; Dead Sea; Mediterranean Crues dans le Néguev, Israël (1964-2007) dues à des dépressions sur la Mer RougeRésumé Nous présentons les résultats d'une analyse exhaustive synoptique/hydrologique des crues majeures dans le Néguev (1964Néguev ( -2007. Le seuil inférieur pour les crues majeures a été défini comme le débit de pointe ou le volume de la crue de récurrence 10 ans. Au total, 75 crues majeures, ou 133 crues observées hydrométriquement, ont été extraites. Ces événements ont été classifiés selon des classes synoptiques par vérification des bases de données appariées : (a) des crues dans la zone d'étude, et (b) des systèmes synoptiques sur la Méditerranée orientale. Pour la zone d'étude, deux des systèmes synoptiques générant le plus fréquemment des crues sont les dépressions sur la Mer Rouge (DMR) en automne, 31%, et les cyclones d'hiver, 49%. La série DMR complète est constituée de 24 crues majeures (55 crues). La définition synoptique a été corroborée par l'analyse de la forme spécifique des hydrogrammes de crues et le rapport entre volume et débit de pointe des crues. L'analyse régionale montre une contribution des événements DMR augmentant de 30% à 90% vers le Sud avec une diminution correspondante du nombre d'événements cycloniques. En comparant deux sous-périodes de 22 ans (1964-1985 et 1986-2007), on discerne une tendance positive dans la fréquence et la magnitude des crues DMR. Il ya aussi une tendance croissante à l'apparition de crues d'origine cyclonique.

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“…Frostick et al, 1983;Alexandrov et al, 2003;Malmon et al, 2004;Cohen and Laronne, 2005;Malmon et al, 2007;Leopold et al, 1964;Milliman and Meade, 1983;Syvitski et al, 2000). Sediment samples collected during this study with the traversing-slot sampler were composed of a wider range of grain sizes than that typically reported in studies of sediment transport, which constrain the range of grain sizes measured by transport mode (i.e.…”

Section: Sediment Transport In Lucky Hills 104mentioning

confidence: 98%

Patterns of grain‐size dependent sediment transport in low‐ordered, ephemeral channels

Yuill

Nichols

2011

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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ABTRACT: Sediment data were analyzed to determine grain-size dependant factors affecting sediment transport in a low-ordered, ephemeral watershed. Sediment and fl ow samples were collected during 22 fl ow events at the outlet of a 4·53 ha sub-watershed within the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed in south-eastern Arizona. Measured concentrations ranged from 4191 to 115 045 mg l −1 and included grain sizes up to 8·0 mm in diameter. Two grain-size dependent transport patterns were observed, that of the fi ner grain-size fraction (approximately < 0·25 mm) and that of a coarser grain-size fraction (approximately ≥ 0·25 mm). The concentration of the fi ne fraction decreased with fl ow duration, peaking near the beginning of a fl ow event and declining thereafter. The concentration of the fi ne fraction showed slight trends with season and recovery period. The concentration of the coarse fraction displayed a slight negative trend with instantaneous discharge and was not correlated with event duration. These patterns typically produced a condition where the majority of the fi ne fraction of the sediment yield was evacuated out of the watershed before the hydrograph peak while the majority of the coarser sediment was evacuated during the falling limb of the hydrograph. Each grain-size dependent transport pattern was likely infl uenced by the source of the associated sediment. At the fl ow event time scale, the fi nes were primarily wash load, supplied from the hillslopes and the coarser grains were entrained from the channel bed. Because transport patterns differ based on grain size, attempts to defi ne the total sediment concentration and sediment yield by the behavior of a single grain-size fraction may lead to erroneous results, especially when a large range of sediment grain sizes are present.

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High rates of sediment transport by flashfloods in the Southern Judean Desert, Israel

Cited by 103 publications

References 49 publications

Karst flash floods: an example from the Dinaric karst (Croatia)

Karst flash floods: an example from the Dinaric karst (Croatia)

Red Sea Trough flood events in the Negev, Israel (1964–2007)

Patterns of grain‐size dependent sediment transport in low‐ordered, ephemeral channels

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