High rates of (treated) hypothyroidism among chronic migraine patients consulting a specialized headache clinic: are we missing something?

Filipchuk, Marcelo; Gassmann, Jesica; Zamparella, Tatiana Castro; Tibaldo, M.; Carpinella, Mariela; Tagliavini, Pablo Sesto; Scarnato, Pablo; Goicochea, María Teresa; Bruera, Osvaldo; Magris, D; Lisicki, Marco

doi:10.1007/s10072-021-05424-7

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Our multivariate logistic model found HT, not hypothyroidism, to be an variable associated with the presence of CM. Filipchuk et al noticed that treated hypothyroidism was significantly more prevalent in CM patients (29.55%) compared to EM patients, thus pointing to hypothyroidism as a risk factor for migraine chronification ( 8 ). Starikova et al found an association of a more severe clinical course of migraine with lower thyroid-stimulating hormone levels ( 5 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism in migraine is higher than that in the general population, as migraine sufferers were found to have a 41% increased risk of developing hypothyroidism ( 3 , 6 , 7 ). Filipchuk et al found that treated hypothyroidism was significantly more prevalent in chronic migraine compared to episodic migraine patients; thus, it may be associated with migraine chronification ( 8 ). Dev et al demonstrated that treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism effectively reduces migraine headaches ( 9 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationship between migraine and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: a single center experience

Nowaczewska,

Straburzyński,

Meder

et al. 2024

Front. Neurol.

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IntroductionHashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is nowadays the leading cause of hypothyroidism with high and still growing prevalence in general population, but there are lack of data regarding migraine and HT connection.MethodsThe aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of HT in migraine and to check if the presence of HT influence migraine severity. This retrospective observational cohort study involved consecutive migraine patients consulted at our Headache Center with diagnosis of migraine. Electronic charts of patients were collected, including data on migraine type, presence of cranial autonomic symptoms (CAS), monthly migraine days (MMD), medication overuse headache (MOH), and the presence of comorbidities including HT.ResultsWe found 928 eligible migraine patients, 88.7% were women. The mean age was 36.09 years. 592 (63.8%) were diagnosed with episodic migraine (EM), the rest with chronic migraine (CM). MOH was additionally diagnosed in 258 (27.8%) patients. The duration of migraine was 15.99 years. 106 (11.4%) was diagnosed with HT, 148 (15.9%) with hypothyroidisms, while 84 (9.05%) had both diagnosis. Migraine patients with HT were significantly older (p < 0.001), were more frequently women (p = 0.0017), had longer duration of migraine (p < 0.001), had CAS more frequently (<0.001), developed CM (p = 0.0169) and depression more frequently (p = 0.0047) and had more MMD (p = 0.0195) as compared with individuals without HT. According to our multivariate logistic model, the presence CM was positively associated with HT (OR 1.76, p = 0.045), MOH and duration of migraine, while negatively associated with aura.ConclusionHT is very prevalent in migraine patients. This is the first study considering migraine and HT to be comorbid and suggesting that HT may influence the course of migraine causing its chronification.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between migraine and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: a single center experience

Nowaczewska,

Straburzyński,

Meder

et al. 2024

Front. Neurol.

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“…However, the role of calcitonin and its interaction with CGRP in migraine is unknown [107]. A recent study reported migraine chronification amongst treated hypothyroidism patients with a possible implication of deficient calcitonin release [108].…”

Section: B I Olog I C Al S E X and Cg Rp In Mi G R Aine And Thyroid R...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Migraine and thyroid dysfunction: Co‐occurrence, shared genes and biological mechanisms

Tasnim

Nyholt

2023

Euro J of Neurology

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Background and purpose: Migraine and thyroid dysfunction, particularly hypothyroidism, are common medical conditions and are known to have high heritability. Thyroid function measures, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (fT4), are also known to be genetically influenced. Although observational epidemiological studies report an increased co-occurrence of migraine and thyroid dysfunction, a clear and combined interpretation of the findings is currently lacking. A narrative review is provided of the epidemiological and genetic association evidence linking migraine, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and thyroid hormones TSH and fT4.Methods: An extensive literature search was conducted in the PubMed database for epidemiological, candidate gene and genome-wide association studies using the terms migraine, headache, thyroid hormones, TSH, fT4, thyroid function, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.Results: Epidemiological studies suggest a bidirectional relationship between migraine and thyroid dysfunction. However, the nature of the relationship remains unclear, with some studies suggesting migraine increases the risk for thyroid dysfunction whilst other studies suggest the reverse. Early candidate gene studies have provided nominal evidence for MTHFR and APOE, whilst more recently genome-wide association studies have provided robust evidence for THADA and ITPK1 being associated with both migraine and thyroid dysfunction.Conclusions: These genetic associations improve our understanding of the genetic relationship between migraine and thyroid dysfunction, provide an opportunity to develop biomarkers to identify migraine patients most likely to benefit from thyroid hormone therapy, and indicate that further cross-trait genetic studies have excellent potential to provide biological insight into their relationship and inform clinical interventions.

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“…Headache, a progressive form characterized by increases in frequency, severity, duration, and resistance of migrainous attacks may evolve into CM 33 and chronicity occurs in about 3% of EM patients. 34,35 The coexistence of neural pathways involved in pain processing and genetic factors is responsible for this course. 36 Various comorbidities and risk factors associated with migraine chronification are well defined.…”

Section: The Role Of Sleep In the Chronicity Process And Accompanying...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…36 Various comorbidities and risk factors associated with migraine chronification are well defined. 16,35 Identified triggers and aggravating factors appear as emotional and physical stress, nutrition, and sleep disturbances. 37,38 Poor sleep plays an important role in the chronicity process.…”

Section: The Role Of Sleep In the Chronicity Process And Accompanying...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Perspectives on the Impact of Chronic Migraine on Sleep Quality: A Literature Review

Saçmacı¹,

Tanık²,

İnan³

2022

NSS

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Objective Recent studies have shown that sleep problems occur in migraineurs and poor sleep causes chronification, but the mechanisms by which chronic migraine affects sleep quality are still unknown. This review aims to analyze commonly reported sleep disturbances in chronic migraine (CM) and determine the effect of CM on sleep quality. Materials and Methods We conducted a comprehensive review of all published articles on CM and sleep quality from inception to March 2022 in the literature. Clinical trials, observational studies, and case series (≥20 cases) were included. Two reviewers and a supervisor reviewed the titles and abstracts of all search results with predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. PubMed search for randomized controlled trials and open studies on CM and sleep quality reported in English between 1983 and 2022 was conducted using the keywords including chronic migraine, sleep, insomnia, sleep quality, polysomnography, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Results A total of 535 potentially relevant articles were found. A total of 455 articles and reviews, meta-analyses published in any language other than English, with other exclusion criteria, were excluded from the review. In the remaining articles, 36 clinical studies, reviewing sleep quality and its association with migraine, were identified and reviewed. Evidence from this review shows that poor sleep and migraine chronicity are intertwined with other accompanying comorbidities and dysregulation of circadian rhythm that innovative treatments promise to bring relief to both poor sleep as well as migraine. Conclusion Sleep disorders are common in CM and the association between migraine chronification and sleep quality is bidirectional. Comorbid conditions with accompanying frequent attacks in migraine may impair sleep quality. While the maladaptive pain process worsens sleep, poor sleep quality also negatively affects migraine pain. Sleep disturbance, which is affected by worsening migraine attacks, causes deterioration in the quality of life, loss of workforce, and economic burden.

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High rates of (treated) hypothyroidism among chronic migraine patients consulting a specialized headache clinic: are we missing something?

Cited by 6 publications

References 62 publications

The relationship between migraine and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: a single center experience

The relationship between migraine and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: a single center experience

Migraine and thyroid dysfunction: Co‐occurrence, shared genes and biological mechanisms

Current Perspectives on the Impact of Chronic Migraine on Sleep Quality: A Literature Review

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