High reliability using virtual MIMO based mesh network for maritime wireless communication

Hybrid Satellite-Terrestrial Communication Networks for the Maritime Internet of Things: Key Technologies, Opportunities, and Challenges

“…Similarly, the authors in [127] proposed a WiMAX-based mesh network to provide delay-tolerant maritime communication services. To improve the efficiency of ship-to-ship communications in these MCNs, [141] used multiple directional antennas, [143] used virtual MIMO technologies, and [144] and [145] used two relaying schemes. Additionally, in [146], a novel handover protocol was proposed.…”

“…improving the efficiency of ship-to-ship communications multiple antennas multiple directional antennas [141] virtual MIMO technologies [143] resource allocation distributed adaptive time slot allocation [147], cognition-enhanced mesh MAC protocol [148] ship-borne BS sleeping control and power allocation [172] utilizing high-throughput satellites improving the throughput of satellite-to-ship communications smart antennas smart satellite terminals [177][178] phased array antennas [181]- [183] satellite-MANET coordination network protocol intelligent middleware and link-specific protocol [185] multi-hop routing protocol [186] backhaul link selection algorithm [187] extending the coverage of a single BS reducing propagation loss directional beams MIMO transmit diversity and multiplexing [200] location-aware dynamic beam scheduling [201] achieving over-the-horizon communications microwave scattering experimental microwave links [203] novel lightweight antennas [204] interference alleviation interference analysis interference modelling modelling of interferences on other satellites in maritime satellite communications [179] interference simulation analysis and simulation of interference produced to the fixed service receivers by the mobile satellite service [180] analysing the co-channel interference from maritime mobile earth station to 5G mobile service [212][213] interference coordination resource allocation pilot scheduling and power allocation [216] radio resource block allocation [218] between the satellite and the terrestrial network, study the optimal beam design method, or suppress inter-beam interference.…”

Wireless Channel Model Based on Ray Tracing Algorithm in the Sea Environment

“…Te study found that the ITU-R P.1546-2 model of the open cold sea exceeding the feld strength values best matches the measurements at 50% position. Zaidi et al [4] tested the 2.58 GHz frequency point and compared it with the ITU-R P.1546-3 model, which proved that the model has a high degree of matching with the measured results. Xi et al [5] used the 28 GHz frequency point in the CW wave to the shore-ship environment to conduct measurement experiments.…”

Beyond the Horizon, Backhaul Connectivity for Offshore IoT Devices

“…Wireless signal trapped in the ED can propagate beyond the horizon and cover vast distances with very less attenuation. In [10][11][12], Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) has performed experiments at 10 GHz frequency band to establish long-range communication links utilizing ED. In addition, many articles are published on ED based measurements and predictions to establish a long-range radio link using ED [13][14][15].…”