High-resolution 3-D GPR applied in the diagnostic of the detachment and cracks in pre-Hispanic mural paintings at “Templo Rojo”, Cacaxtla, Tlaxcala, Mexico

Ortega‐Ramírez, J.; Bano, Maksim; Alvarado, Lorrio; Martinez, Damaris; Rivero-Chong, R.; Motolinía-Temol, C.L.

doi:10.1016/j.culher.2021.06.008

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Concerning the field of preventive heritage conservation, the use of Non-Destructive Tests (NDT) has proven to be a necessary resource for the protection of cultural heritage, ranging from decay diagnosis to monitoring (Tejedor et al, 2022). Procedures, such as Damage Mapping (Sánchez-Aparicio et al, 2018), measurement of C-Shore Hardness (Blasco López & Alejandre Sánchez, 2013) and Superficial Humidity (Battini & Vecchiattini, 2018), Infrared Thermography (IRT) (Moropoulou et al, 2018), Digital Image Processing (DIP) (Galantucci & Fatiguso, 2019), Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) (Ortega-Ramírez et al, 2021) and monitoring of ambient conditions (Merello et al, 2013), provide reliable means of assessing damage to heritage assets. Moreover, these methods function without compromising their structural condition and help to identify hidden targets that are invisible on the surface (Biscarini et al, 2020;Diz-Mellado et al, 2021).…”

Section: State Of Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

NDT spatial data integration for monumental buildings: technical information management for the Royal Alcazar of Seville

Hidalgo-Sánchez

Torres‐González

Mascort-Albea

et al. 2023

Building Research & Information

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Non-destructive testing (NDT) for the diagnosis of heritage buildings has proved to be one of the most sustainable approaches in the field of preventive conservation. Nevertheless, the comprehensive management of NDT information is complex, often resulting in a poorly optimized use of the data. This contribution aims to propose a method for integrating NDT data in a standardized way into simplified digital information models, produced using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). This method is applied to the plasterwork located in the Courtyard of the Maidens, which are elements with an enormous historic-artistic value in the Royal Alcazar of Seville (Spain), a significant UNESCO monument. For this purpose, a multi-scale web GIS-based model has integrated the NDT information from the plasterworks, such as ambient conditions, damage mapping, C-Shore Hardness, Superficial Humidity, Infrared thermography (IRT), Digital Image Processing (DIP) and Ground Penetration Radar (GPR). The combined georeferencing of the data from the various measurements and their simultaneous visualization has enabled the detection of vulnerable areas in the complex. The results are easily accessible for managers, and additionally show the analytical potential of the research approach, thereby allowing a quick diagnosis and hierarchization of tasks.

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Section: State Of Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

NDT spatial data integration for monumental buildings: technical information management for the Royal Alcazar of Seville

Hidalgo-Sánchez

Torres‐González

Mascort-Albea

et al. 2023

Building Research & Information

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“…It is necessary to set the continuous acquisition time of each electromagnetic wave, that is, the time window. The time window should be set according to the maximum detection depth and the electromagnetic wave velocity in the medium, as shown in Equation (8). At the same time, it should be slightly larger than the two-way travel time of electromagnetic waves.…”

Section: Parameters Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a technology that uses high-frequency radio electromagnetic waves to perform non-destructive testing of targets in the medium [2][3][4]. Owing to its advantages of high resolution, high efficiency, intuitive results, and non-destructive nature, it is widely used in geological exploration [5], road surface inspection [6], underground pipeline detection [7], archaeological detection [8,9], etc. In addition, GPR is also used in the detection of tunnel linings [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Void Defects behind Tunnel Lining through GPR forward Simulation

Bao

Shen

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Voids, a common defect in tunnel construction, lead to the deterioration of the lining structure and reduce the safety of tunnels. In this study, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) was used in tunnel lining void detection. Based on the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method, a forward model was established to simulate the process of tunnel lining void detection. The area of the forward image and the actual void area was analyzed based on the binarization method. Both the plain concrete and reinforced concrete lining with various sizes of air-filled and water-filled voids were considered. The rationality of the model was verified by measured data. It was observed that the response mode of voids can be hyperbolic, bowl-shaped, and strip-shaped, and this depends on the void’s width. Compared with the air-filled voids, water filling increases the response range of the voids and produces a virtual image. Although the diffracted wave caused by a steel bar will bring about significant interference to the void response, the center position of the voids can be accurately located using 3D GPR.

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“…Essentially, with this type of GPR scanning, the mapping of a subsurface area of interest is achieved, providing information about the location, depth, and orientation of the internal reflectors. Today, most of the processing software with which the geo-radar systems are equipped to provide the possibility of displaying the 3D data in various ways-such as in the form of horizontal sections at defined time ranges that correspond to depths parallel to the recording level, or isosurfaces-these are interpolated surfaces that represent subsurface points with a constant reflection coefficient or amplitude [188][189][190][191].…”

Section: Ground-penetrating Radarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Close-Range Sensing and Data Fusion for Built Heritage Inspection and Monitoring—A Review

Adamopoulos

Rinaudo

2021

Remote Sensing

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Built cultural heritage is under constant threat due to environmental pressures, anthropogenic damages, and interventions. Understanding the preservation state of monuments and historical structures, and the factors that alter their architectural and structural characteristics through time, is crucial for ensuring their protection. Therefore, inspection and monitoring techniques are essential for heritage preservation, as they enable knowledge about the altering factors that put built cultural heritage at risk, by recording their immediate effects on monuments and historic structures. Nondestructive evaluations with close-range sensing techniques play a crucial role in monitoring. However, data recorded by different sensors are frequently processed separately, which hinders integrated use, visualization, and interpretation. This article’s aim is twofold: i) to present an overview of close-range sensing techniques frequently applied to evaluate built heritage conditions, and ii) to review the progress made regarding the fusion of multi-sensor data recorded by them. Particular emphasis is given to the integration of data from metric surveying and from recording techniques that are traditionally non-metric. The article attempts to shed light on the problems of the individual and integrated use of image-based modeling, laser scanning, thermography, multispectral imaging, ground penetrating radar, and ultrasonic testing, giving heritage practitioners a point of reference for the successful implementation of multidisciplinary approaches for built cultural heritage scientific investigations.

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High-resolution 3-D GPR applied in the diagnostic of the detachment and cracks in pre-Hispanic mural paintings at “Templo Rojo”, Cacaxtla, Tlaxcala, Mexico

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

NDT spatial data integration for monumental buildings: technical information management for the Royal Alcazar of Seville

NDT spatial data integration for monumental buildings: technical information management for the Royal Alcazar of Seville

Evaluation of Void Defects behind Tunnel Lining through GPR forward Simulation

Close-Range Sensing and Data Fusion for Built Heritage Inspection and Monitoring—A Review

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