High Resolution Computed Tomography in Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias

Argiriadi, Pamela; Mendelson, David S.

doi:10.1002/msj.20089

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Unilateral areas of consolidation, reticular changes and localised nodules can also occur (figure 1). Air bronchograms are a frequent finding when consolidation is present 3 9 11 18 24 26 27 30 36 37…”

Section: Clinical and Radiological Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibrosing organising pneumonia

Beardsley

Rassl

2013

J Clin Pathol

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Organising pneumonia (otherwise referred to as bronchiolitis obliterans organising pneumonia) is characterised histologically by plugs of granulation tissue, which are present predominantly within small airways, alveolar ducts and peri-bronchiolar alveoli. This pattern is not specific for any disorder or cause, but is one type of inflammatory response to pulmonary injury, which may be seen in a wide variety of clinical conditions. Typically, organising pneumonia responds very well to corticosteroid treatment; however, a small percentage of patients appear to develop progressive fibrosis.

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Section: Clinical and Radiological Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibrosing organising pneumonia

Beardsley

Rassl

2013

J Clin Pathol

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“…Chronic interstitial lung diseases represent a heterogeneous group of disorders of both known and unknown causes that share common histological features. To date, these disorders have been poorly investigated in children, and no classification scheme is entirely satisfactory [24,25]. In the current study, the pulmonary histopathological findings in 20 out of 103 HIV-infected children showed a subset of lymphoproliferative disorders: LIP/ PLH complex, nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, and diffuse advanced alveolar damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Gene Expression in Interstitial Pneumonitis in Brazilian Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1-Infected Children: Is EBV Associated or Not?

et al. 2010

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To gain further knowledge on the subject we evaluated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) gene expression and TCD4+, TCD8+, and B lymphocyte counts in lung tissue samples from 20 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children with chronic lung disease. Twenty HIV-1 infected children with chronic pulmonary disease underwent open lung biopsy to define the diagnosis. Histological section of this material was submitted to nonisotopic in situ hybridization (ISH) using EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) 1/2 probes and TCD4+, TCD8+, and CD20+ B-cell counts by immunohistochemistry. The histology of 16 out of the 20 children (median age 53.5 months) proved to be examples of pulmonary lymphoid hyperplasia/lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis (PLH/LIP) complex, 13 of which were EBER positive, but no significant association was found (Fisher exact test P = 0.439). Four patients had non-LIP diseases (3, nonspecific interstitial pneumonia; 1, diffuse advanced alveolar damage), two being EBER negative. Nineteen children showed a predominant T-CD8+ cell response (CD4+/CD8+ <1) in lung tissue. The mean TCD4+ and theTCD4/TCD8 ratio in lung tissue were significantly higher in the sections with PLH/LIP complex, but without significant difference between EBER positive and EBER negative samples. EBV gene expression was detected in the majority of the lung samples but without significant association with PLH/LIP complex or with TCD4+, TCD8+, B cells and the TCD4+/TCD8+ ratio. Regarding the pattern of lung disease in HIV-1 infected children, associated or not to EBV, the findings are of importance concerning the possible role of EBV in the pathogenesis of PLH/LIP.

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“…The characteristic HRCT findings of reticular abnormality and honeycombing with basal and peripheral predominance are virtually diagnostic in the correct clinical context of UIP [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Visual and quantitative assessment of HRCT pulmonary changes in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia with PFT correlation

Kolta

Goneimy

2020

Egypt J Radiol Nucl Med

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Background: Our study was designed to correlate the degree of parenchymal affection in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia using visual and semi-quantitative HRCT assessment with pulmonary function test results. The study involved 50 patients diagnosed as idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. They were referred from a chest outpatient clinic to the Radiology Department in the Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University for HRCT assessment in the period from January 2017 to March 2019. Variable lung parenchymal affection was studied using HRCT and variable post acquisition processing (multi-planar reconstruction, volumetric assessment, 3D color-coded images). Results: Usual interstitial pneumonia was the most common type of IP, found in approximately 40 patients (80% of cases) followed by nonspecific interstitial pneumonia found in 5 patients (10% of cases) and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia found in 3 patients (6% of cases), and desquamative interstitial pneumonia was the least common type of IP, found only in 2 patients (4% of cases).Honeycombing was significantly correlated with FVC%, FEV1%, and FEV1/FVC% (p = 0.013, p = <0.001, p = 0.002 respectively). Also, reticular was significantly correlated with FVC% (p = 0.041). Conclusion: Semi-quantitative image analysis, including the use of machine learning, provides a great deal of promise in the ILD field; such methods may be used together with visual analysis to obtain the most accurate diagnostic and prognostic information. Summary/keywords: HRCT is most sensitive in the detection of ILD than chest radiography or conventional chest computed tomography (CT). Advances in HRCT scanning and interpretation have facilitated and improved accuracy for use in diagnosing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), eliminating the need for a surgical biopsy in many patients. Consequently, HRCT scans became sufficient to allow a confident IPF diagnosis It is important to note that there are potential differences in interpretation of HRCT patterns between thoracic radiologists. However, these differences seem to be in general within a clinically acceptable range of observer variation and can be partially mitigated by review of difficult cases at ILD referral centers. Semi-quantitative CT assessment is increasingly being used in ILD to identify pulmonary abnormalities and diagnose specific ILDs; recent studies showed that outcomes of computer-assisted imaging can be correlated with lung function tests and degree of dyspnea and functional disability This study was designed to correlate the degree of parenchymal affection in IP using visual and semi-quantitative HRCT assessment with PFT results. Semi-quantitative imaging, including color-coded images (HU related), is a new and promising approach in the field of ILD diagnosis and prognosis.

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High Resolution Computed Tomography in Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Fibrosing organising pneumonia

Fibrosing organising pneumonia

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Gene Expression in Interstitial Pneumonitis in Brazilian Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1-Infected Children: Is EBV Associated or Not?

Visual and quantitative assessment of HRCT pulmonary changes in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia with PFT correlation

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