High-resolution domain imaging on the nonpolar <i>y</i>-face of periodically poled KTiOPO4 by means of atomic force microscopy

Canalias, Carlota; Pasiskevicius, Valdas; Fragemann, Anna; Laurell, Fredrik

doi:10.1063/1.1593834

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…9 The obtained pattern then is observed by optical microscopy, electron microscopy, or scanning probe microscopy techniques. 10,11 In KTP, only z-faces can be etched, 12 whereas in the common nonlinear materials LN and lithium tantalate (LT) domains on z-and y-faces can be visualized by selective etching. 13 Another standard method is Piezoresponse Force Microscopy (PFM), a derivative of atomic force microscopy, which is directly sensitive to domain walls (DWs) and domain orientation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Identification of ferroelectric domain structure sensitive phonon modes in potassium titanyl phosphate: A fundamental study

Rüsing

Eigner

Mackwitz

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Physics

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Confocal Raman spectroscopy is applied to identify ferroelectric domain structure sensitive phonon modes in potassium titanyl phosphate. Therefore, polarization-dependent measurements in various scattering configurations have been performed to characterize the fundamental Raman spectra of the material. The obtained spectra are discussed qualitatively based on an internal mode assignment. In the main part of this work, we have characterized z-cut periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate in terms of polarity-and structure-sensitive phonon modes. Here, we find vibrations whose intensities are linked to the ferroelectric domain walls. We interpret this in terms of changes in the polarizability originating from strain induced by domain boundaries and the inner field distribution. Hence, a direct and 3D visualization of ferroelectric domain structures becomes possible in potassium titanyl phosphate. V

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11,14 However, selective etching and PFM offer only information about the surface appearance of domains, whereas this can differ from the domain structure in depth. 12 Interior views of domain structures with both methods can only be obtained with high effort and at the cost of the non-invasive character.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of ferroelectric domain structure sensitive phonon modes in potassium titanyl phosphate: A fundamental study

Rüsing

Eigner

Mackwitz

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…These findings are explained by the electric field poling process [32]. For our crystal the periodic electrode pattern was deposited on the top surface from where the domains grew in the shape of a needle towards the other electrode on the bottom side.…”

Section: Second Harmonic Generation At 423nm In Ppktpmentioning

confidence: 97%

Two-color photoionization of calcium using SHG and LED light

et al. 2010

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We present a photoionization method to load single 40 Ca ions in a linear Paul trap from an atomic beam. Neutral Ca I atoms are resonantly excited from the ground state to the intermediate 4s4p 1 P 1 -level using coherent 423nm radiation produced by single-pass second harmonic generation in a periodically poled KTiOPO 4 crystal pumped with an 120mW extended cavity diode laser. Ionization is then attained with a high-power light emitting diode imaged to the trap center, using an appropriately designed optical system composed of standard achromatic doublet lenses. The setup simplifies previous implementations at similar efficiency, and it hardly requires any maintenance at all.

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“…(1) to the obtained set of mismatch parameters, after substituting Eqs. (7) and 4 method to five different PPKTP crystals. The tuning curve of one of these crystals is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Maker Fringes In Temperature Dependence Of Shgmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The quality of the fabricated poling structure is generally characterized via imaging of the domain boundaries at the crystal surface. Important techniques comprise surface-charge selective etching [4], electrostatic force microscopy [5], secondary-electron microscopy [6], and piezoresponse-assisted atomic force microscopy [7]. Another way to characterize the poling quality is by studying the phase-matching conditions of a second-order nonlinear process like SHG or SPDC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical characterization of periodically-poled KTiOPO_4

Peeters

Exter

2008

Opt. Express

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We demonstrate how the Maker fringes that are observable in spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) give a direct visualization of the poling quality of a periodically-poled crystal. Identical Maker fringes are observed in the optical spectrum of collinear SPDC and the temperature dependence of second harmonic generation. We analyze these Maker fringes via a unified treatment of the tuning curve in crystals with small and slowly-varying deformations of the poling structure. Our theoretical model, based on a Fourier analysis of the poling deformations, distinguishes between duty-cycle variations and variations of the poling phase. The analysis indicates that the poling phase is approximately fixed, while the duty-cycle typically varies between 36% and 64%.

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High-resolution domain imaging on the nonpolar y-face of periodically poled KTiOPO4 by means of atomic force microscopy

Cited by 20 publications

References 10 publications

Identification of ferroelectric domain structure sensitive phonon modes in potassium titanyl phosphate: A fundamental study

Identification of ferroelectric domain structure sensitive phonon modes in potassium titanyl phosphate: A fundamental study

Two-color photoionization of calcium using SHG and LED light

Optical characterization of periodically-poled KTiOPO_4

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