High Resolution Imaging Camera (HiRIC) on China’s First Mars Exploration Tianwen-1 Mission

Meng, Qingyu; Wang, Dong; Wang, Xiaodong; Li, Wei; Xiao, Yang; Yan, Dayu; Li, Yang; Cao, Zhirui; Qi, Ji; Sun, Tao; Yan, Wei; Wang, Kejun; Li, Xiaobo; Huang, Jingtao; Wang, Zheng; Zhao, Weiguo; Wang, Yan; He, Yunfeng; Hao, Xianpeng; Liu, Wenguang; Zhang, Bowei; Zhou, Pengji; Li, Yunhui; Zhao, Hongmou; Li, Lin; Guan, Hainan; Zhou, Dejian; Wu, Fanlu; Zhang, Fan; Zhu, Shiyu; Dong, Junping

doi:10.1007/s11214-021-00823-w

Cited by 53 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Typical barriers in planetary 3D mapping, such as find suitable stereo pairs, potential complication of surface albedos, and expensive computational costs, are avoided using the demonstrated method. The extensibility is thus considered high and applications to other Mars datasets, e.g., the 50 cm/pixel Tianwen-1 High Resolution Imaging Camera (HiRIC) images [43], lunar datasets (retraining can be achieved using the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera Narrow Angle Camera images [44] and existing PDS DTM products), and/or other planetary datasets, could be straightforwardly explored in the future.…”

Section: Extensibility With Other Satasets or Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Area High-Resolution 3D Mapping of Oxia Planum: The Landing Site for the ExoMars Rosalind Franklin Rover

et al. 2021

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We demonstrate an end-to-end application of the in-house deep learning-based surface modelling system, called MADNet, to produce three large area 3D mapping products from single images taken from the ESA Mars Express’s High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC), the NASA Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter’s Context Camera (CTX), and the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) imaging data over the ExoMars 2022 Rosalind Franklin rover’s landing site at Oxia Planum on Mars. MADNet takes a single orbital optical image as input, provides pixelwise height predictions, and uses a separate coarse Digital Terrain Model (DTM) as reference, to produce a DTM product from the given input image. Initially, we demonstrate the resultant 25 m/pixel HRSC DTM mosaic covering an area of 197 km × 182 km, providing fine-scale details to the 50 m/pixel HRSC MC-11 level-5 DTM mosaic. Secondly, we demonstrate the resultant 12m/pixel CTX MADNet DTM mosaic covering a 114 km × 117 km area, showing much more detail in comparison to photogrammetric DTMs produced using the open source in-house developed CASP-GO system. Finally, we demonstrate the resultant 50 cm/pixel HiRISE MADNet DTM mosaic, produced for the first time, covering a 74.3 km × 86.3 km area of the 3-sigma landing ellipse and partially the ExoMars team’s geological characterisation area. The resultant MADNet HiRISE DTM mosaic shows fine-scale details superior to existing Planetary Data System (PDS) HiRISE DTMs and covers a larger area that is considered difficult for existing photogrammetry and photoclinometry pipelines to achieve, especially given the current limitations of stereo HiRISE coverage. All of the resultant DTM mosaics are co-aligned with each other, and ultimately with the Mars Global Surveyor’s Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) DTM, providing high spatial and vertical congruence. In this paper, technical details are presented, issues that arose are discussed, along with a visual evaluation and quantitative assessments of the resultant DTM mosaic products.

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Section: Extensibility With Other Satasets or Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Area High-Resolution 3D Mapping of Oxia Planum: The Landing Site for the ExoMars Rosalind Franklin Rover

et al. 2021

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“…The processing procedures of each instrument are given in Table 3. The more detailed information about calibration is published in the overview of each instrument (Tang et al 2020;Yu et al 2020;Kong et al 2020;Liang et al 2021;Meng et al 2021;Fan et al 2021;He et al 2021;Du et al 2020;Peng et al 2020;Zhou et al 2020).…”

Section: Data Calibration (Level 2a Processing)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Validation of the Scientific Data Products for China’s Tianwen-1 Mission

Zhang

et al. 2021

Space Sci Rev

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The Tianwen-1 mission is China’s first Mars exploration mission. To complete the scientific objectives of “orbiting, landing, and patrolling” in one mission, thirteen instruments for acquiring multi-disciplinary data are configured. The data products with rich ancillary data and flexible structures will facilitate the data application. To integrate the requirements of experts from disparate disciplines and leverage new information technologies, a complete redesign of data products is promoted in the Tianwen-1 mission. We discuss the whole process of data product generation from the data pipeline design to data validation. We design the various data products according to the application requirements of each data type, including radar echo data, spectrum data, image data, energy spectrum data, magnetic field data, meteorological data, and acoustic data. Since various error sources will exist in the generation chain of the data products, data validation is essential before release to the public; the validation activities are discussed at the end. We deliver these scientific products to the community in a timely manner, with ancillary information and quality information. This paper can provide practical reference for Tianwen-1 data application.

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“…It adopts an Off-Axis Three-Mirror Astigmatic (TMA) optical system with a focal length of 4640 mm, a F-number of 12 and a Field of View (FOV) of 2°× 0.693°. In order to reduce the instrument weight, carbonbased material is widely used in the opto-mechanical structure which is in ultra-lightweight design (seen in Table 1, Meng et al 2021).…”

Section: The Instrumentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection Capability Verification and Performance Test for the High Resolution Imaging Camera of China’s Tianwen-1 Mission

Yan

Ren

et al. 2021

Space Sci Rev

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High-resolution optical cameras have always been important scientific payloads in Mars exploration missions, which can obtain detailed images of Martian surface for the study of geomorphology, topography and geological structure. At present, there are still many challenges for Mars high-resolution images in terms of global coverage, stereo coverage (especially for colour images), and data processing methods. High Resolution Imaging Camera (HiRIC) is a high-quality, multi-mode, multi-functional, multi-spectral remote sensing camera that is suitable for the deep space developed for China’s first Mars Exploration Mission (Tianwen-1), which was successfully launched in July 2020. Here we design special experiments based on the in-orbit detection conditions of Tianwen-1 mission to comprehensively verify the detection capability and the performance of HiRIC, from the aspects of image motion compensation effect, focusing effect, image compression quality, and data preprocessing accuracy. The results showed that the performance status of HiRIC meets the requirements of obtaining high resolution images on the Martian surface. Furthermore, proposals for HiRIC in-orbit imaging strategy and data processing are discussed to ensure the acquisition of high-quality HiRIC images, which is expected to serve as a powerful complementation to the current Mars high-resolution images.

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High Resolution Imaging Camera (HiRIC) on China’s First Mars Exploration Tianwen-1 Mission

Cited by 53 publications

References 19 publications

Large Area High-Resolution 3D Mapping of Oxia Planum: The Landing Site for the ExoMars Rosalind Franklin Rover

Large Area High-Resolution 3D Mapping of Oxia Planum: The Landing Site for the ExoMars Rosalind Franklin Rover

Design and Validation of the Scientific Data Products for China’s Tianwen-1 Mission

Detection Capability Verification and Performance Test for the High Resolution Imaging Camera of China’s Tianwen-1 Mission

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