High-Resolution Infrared Laser Study of the ν4 Absorption Band of cis-CHClCHF

Stoppa, Paolo; Charmet, Andrea Pietropolli; Giorgianni, S.; Ghersetti, S.

doi:10.1006/jmsp.1999.7948

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Stoppa et al also prepared the same compound by first chlorinating VFM, then dehydrochlorinating the resulting HCFC with ethanolic KOH. 363 4.4.4. By Methods not Otherwise Specified.…”

Section: Hydrochlorofluoroethylenes (1100-series Hcfos)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluorocarbon Refrigerants and their Syntheses: Past to Present

2020

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This Review chronicles the progress made in the field of small fluorocarbon synthesis since their invention in the early 1930s by Thomas Midgley, Jr., and his coworkers, with special focus on their application as refrigerants, foam expansion agents, aerosol propellants, and precision solvents. Divided into four generations of C1–C4 halocarbons from CFCs through HCFCs, HFCs, and HFOs, the merits and challenges of each will be discussed in the context of market demands, as well as the evolution of industrial manufacturing methods. Vital transformations, such as exchange (Swarts) fluorination, hydrodehalogenation, dehydrohalogenation, and additions (Kharasch or Prins) will feature prominently and will be discussed in detail, as well as catalysts therefor. Of the myriad of fluorocarbons described herein, the models which have reached particular commercial significance (such as chlorodifluoromethane and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane) are given special consideration as flag-bearers for the generation to which they belong. Regulatory constraints to which this industry is bound will be outlined in brief, as well as an introduction to safety designations and nomenclature put forth by the American Society for Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). This Review includes predominantly works which can only be found in the patent literature, but should be of equal interest to both academic and industrial practitioners of the art as it centers on fundamentals of organofluorine chemistry, which could equally be applied to the synthesis of larger molecules and building blocks for other applications.

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“…Stoppa et al also prepared the same compound by first chlorinating VFM, then dehydrochlorinating the resulting HCFC with ethanolic KOH. 363 4.4.4. By Methods not Otherwise Specified.…”

Section: Hydrochlorofluoroethylenes (1100-series Hcfos)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the VF2/ 1131 copolymer advantageously has a higher melting point than either homopolymer. Stoppa et al also prepared the same compound by first chlorinating VFM, then dehydrochlorinating the resulting HCFC with ethanolic KOH …”

Section: Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (Hcfcssecond Generation)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorocarbon Refrigerants and their Syntheses: Past to Present

2020

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“…Gas phase infrared spectroscopy has been widely used for analytical purposes and shares many characteristics with microwave spectroscopy. [24][25][26][27] However, because the Doppler broadening (which scales linearly with frequency) is much greater, for most molecules the rotational fingerprint becomes unresolved and the much sparser vibrational fingerprint must be relied upon. The observed vibrational frequencies, augmented by band contours, are closely related to local functional groups and their connectivity.…”

Section: The Rotational Fingerprint In Analytical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical analysis in the submillimetre spectral region with a compact solid state system

Medvedev

Behnke

Lucia

2006

Analyst

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A new analytical system that uses the rotational signatures of gas phase molecules is described and demonstrated. It uses a solid state source to probe molecular systems in the millimetre and submillimetre wave range, the only region of the electromagnetic spectrum not yet used extensively for analytical purposes. It employs the FAst Scan Submillimetre Spectroscopy Technique (FASSST), which leads to an especially simple system architecture. Among the attributes of the system are generality, sensitivity, 'absolute' specificity, small size, simplicity, and the potential for very low cost. Applications to problems of analytical interest are also discussed.

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“…The molecular dipole moment from Stark spectrum [5] and the diagonal and off-diagonal quadrupole coupling constants of both 35 Cl and 37 Cl were also determined [6]. High-resolution IR spectra of the m 4 [7], m 5 [8], and m 6 [9] fundamentals of the main species have been recorded with a diode laser spectrometer, and molecular constants for the corresponding vibrational excited states have been determined. In addition, a comprehensive anharmonic vibrational analysis of cis-ClHC@CHF and its deuterated isotopologues has been performed on the basis of a complete ab initio quartic force field [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%