High-resolution investigations of C<sub>2</sub>and CN optical emissions in laser-induced plasmas during graphite ablation

Acquaviva, S.; Giorgi, Maria Luisa De

doi:10.1088/0953-4075/35/4/304

Cited by 45 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The vibrational temperature is the maximum at a most efficient laser fluence of 287 J cm −2 . These results are consistent with earlier reports on vibrational temperature by different authors [11,13,18,20,22,28,30]. It has been observed [7] that the degree of the diamond-like character in DLC films varies due to different temperatures in the laserinduced plasma.…”

Section: The Calculation Of the Vibrational Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 92%

Optical emission spectroscopic study of plasma plumes generated by IR CO₂pulsed laser on carbon targets

Camacho¹,

Díaz²,

Santos³

et al. 2008

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Optical emission spectroscopy studies, in the spectral range ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-Vis-NIR), were performed to investigate thermal and dynamical properties of a plume produced by laser ablation of a graphite target. Ablation is carried out using a high-power IR CO 2 pulsed laser at λ = 9.621 µm, power density ranging from 0.22 to 5.36 GW cm −2 and air pressures around 4 Pa. The strong emission observed in the plasma region is mainly due to electronic relaxation of excited C, ionic fragments C + , C 2+ and C 3+ and molecular features of C 2

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Section: The Calculation Of the Vibrational Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 92%

Optical emission spectroscopic study of plasma plumes generated by IR CO₂pulsed laser on carbon targets

Camacho¹,

Díaz²,

Santos³

et al. 2008

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…For two background N 2 gas molecules, the corresponding values are the same few millimeters and ϳ 5 s. The CN * emissions observed in the nanosecond PLA studies are seen to maximize at x ϳ 5 mm-as observed by others also. [32][33][34] The apparent propagation velocities of the CN * emitters are comparable to those deduced for the emitting C + ions and C neutrals, but about an order of magnitude faster than those of the observed C 2 ͑d͒ radicals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Studies of the plume emission during the femtosecond and nanosecond ablation of graphite in nitrogen

Fuge

Ashfold

Henley

2006

Journal of Applied Physics

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Comparative studies of the pulsed laser ablation of graphite in 20 mTorr of N 2 using both 15 ns and 450 fs pulses at a wavelength of 248 nm are reported. Emissions from the resulting ablation plumes, and from collisions with ablated material and the background N 2 gas molecules, have been investigated by wavelength-, space-, and time-resolved optical emission spectroscopy ͑OES͒, and the observations correlated with the results of the analyses of films formed when such material is incident on a silicon substrate. Wavelength-dispersed spectra of the plume arising in nanosecond ablation reveal C I, C II, and C 2 emissions-concentrated close to the target-and, at greater distances, strong CN and weak N 2 + emissions. N 2 + ͑B -X͒ emission dominates in the case of femtosecond ablation. Time-gated imaging studies have allowed estimation of propagation velocities for these various emissions. Possible production routes for secondary emitters such as CN and N 2 + are discussed, and arguments presented to show that measurements of the apparent propagation "velocities" of such emissions are unlikely to provide meaningful measures of the velocities ͑or energies͒ with which these carriers impact on a substrate surface. Laser Raman spectroscopy confirms nitrogen incorporation within the films grown by both nanosecond and femtosecond ablations; the former films are deduced to be both thicker and to have higher N content-findings that accord with the OES analyses.

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“…This technique with temporal resolution has been used by many researchers to investigate the graphite ablation plume. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] The wavelength and spatially resolved measurements of emission spectra of the CO 2 laser ablation plume at the carbon target have been reported recently by us. 26,27 The present paper is aimed at discussing thermochemical processes produced by a high-power IR CO 2 pulsed laser on graphite target and at evaluating laser ablation induced changes, which are of fundamental importance in establishing the mechanisms responsible for the plasma emission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal evolution of the laser-induced plasma generated by IR CO2 pulsed laser on carbon targets

Camacho

Díaz

Santos

et al. 2009

Journal of Applied Physics

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Time-resolved optical emission analysis was carried out for the plasma plume, produced by high-power tunable IR CO2 pulsed laser ablation of graphite, at λ=10.591 μm and in a regime of relatively high laser fluences (123–402 J/cm2). Wavelength-dispersed spectra of the plasma plume, at medium-vacuum conditions (4 Pa) and at 9.0 mm from the target, show ionized species (C+, C2+, C3+, C4+, N2+ , N+, and O+), neutral atoms (C, H, N, and O), and neutral diatomic molecules (C2, CN, OH, CH, and N2). In this work, we focus our attention on the temporal evolution of different atomic/ionic and molecular species over a broad spectral range from 190 to 1000 nm. The results show a faster decay for ionic fragments than for neutral atomic and molecular species. The velocity and kinetic energy distributions for different species were obtained from time-of-flight measurements using time-resolved optical emission spectroscopy. Possible mechanisms for the production of these distributions are discussed. Excitation temperature, electron density, and vibrational temperature in the laser-induced plasma were estimated from the analysis of spectral data at various times from the laser pulse incidence.

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High-resolution investigations of C₂and CN optical emissions in laser-induced plasmas during graphite ablation

Cited by 45 publications

References 28 publications

Optical emission spectroscopic study of plasma plumes generated by IR CO₂pulsed laser on carbon targets

Optical emission spectroscopic study of plasma plumes generated by IR CO₂pulsed laser on carbon targets

Studies of the plume emission during the femtosecond and nanosecond ablation of graphite in nitrogen

Temporal evolution of the laser-induced plasma generated by IR CO2 pulsed laser on carbon targets

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High-resolution investigations of C2and CN optical emissions in laser-induced plasmas during graphite ablation

Cited by 45 publications

References 28 publications

Optical emission spectroscopic study of plasma plumes generated by IR CO2pulsed laser on carbon targets

Optical emission spectroscopic study of plasma plumes generated by IR CO2pulsed laser on carbon targets

Studies of the plume emission during the femtosecond and nanosecond ablation of graphite in nitrogen

Temporal evolution of the laser-induced plasma generated by IR CO2 pulsed laser on carbon targets

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Product

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High-resolution investigations of C₂and CN optical emissions in laser-induced plasmas during graphite ablation

Optical emission spectroscopic study of plasma plumes generated by IR CO₂pulsed laser on carbon targets

Optical emission spectroscopic study of plasma plumes generated by IR CO₂pulsed laser on carbon targets