High resolution NDT in the characterization of the inner structure and materials of heritage buildings walls and columns

Matias, M.J. Senos; Almeida, Fernando; Moura, Rui; Barraca, Nuno

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121726

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The tomographic approach utilizes two-dimensional or three-dimensional geometrical configurations of sensors and sources. Complex geometries of data acquisition allow the analysis of the internal volume of statues [99,100], architectural elements such as walls, pillars and columns [101,102] and the identification of internal artifacts and defects by means of the 3D reconstruction of the velocity field.…”

Section: Microseismic Sonic and Ultrasonic Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently [101], the Batalha Abbey, a late 14th century UNESCO building in central Portugal, was the target of an extensive geophysical survey that included also the microgeophysical characterization of stone pillars and walls by means of GPR profiles (800 MHz, monostatic) and seismic tomography transmission (4.5 Hz geophones). In accordance with construction techniques used in the 14th century, it was expected that the inspected construction elements consisted of an outer layer of compact limestone blocks, whilst the interior could be filled with debris and lime mortar or cement.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thanks to the microwave tomography-enhanced GPR processing, the authors were able to estimate the depth of cracks, voids and of the inner stone layers (Figure 14(a1,b1)). Recently [101], the Batalha Abbey, a late 14th century UNESCO building in central Portugal, was the target of an extensive geophysical survey that included also the microgeophysical characterization of stone pillars and walls by means of GPR profiles (800 MHz, monostatic) and seismic tomography transmission (4.5 Hz geophones). In Another example relates to the investigation of the mosaics of Delos Island that are inscribed in UNESCO's World Heritage List.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Imaging Cultural Heritage at Different Scales: Part I, the Micro-Scale (Manufacts)

et al. 2023

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Applications of non-invasive sensing techniques to investigate the internal structure and surface of precious and delicate objects represent a very important and consolidated research field in the scientific domain of cultural heritage knowledge and conservation. The present article is the first of three reviews focused on contact and non-contact imaging techniques applied to surveying cultural heritage at micro- (i.e., manufacts), meso- (sites) and macro-scales (landscapes). The capability to infer variations in geometrical and physical properties across the inspected surfaces or volumes is the unifying factor of these techniques, allowing scientists to discover new historical sites or to image their spatial extent and material features at different scales, from landscape to artifact. This first part concentrates on the micro-scale, i.e., inspection, study and characterization of small objects (ancient papers, paintings, statues, archaeological findings, architectural elements, etc.) from surface to internal properties.

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Section: Microseismic Sonic and Ultrasonic Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Imaging Cultural Heritage at Different Scales: Part I, the Micro-Scale (Manufacts)

et al. 2023

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“…Geophysical methods are very useful for assessing the presence of underground structures, addressing conservation and stability issues of architectural monuments, allowing inspection of soil foundations and mechanical properties of structural elements [16][17][18][19], and exploring internal and superficial structures of precious and delicate targets such as statues, wall paintings and mosaics inside historical buildings [20][21][22]. Among the nondestructive techniques [23], ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is widely used thanks to the miniaturization of the instrumentation, the high investigation resolution and the minimal impact on the surfaces to be analyzed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Modeling and Non-Invasive Diagnosis of a Huge and Complex Heritage Building: The Patriarchal Basilica of Santa Maria Assunta in Aquileia (Udine, Italy)

et al. 2023

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Three-dimensional modeling and non-invasive diagnosis are fundamental prerequisites for planning reliable assessments of the seismic vulnerability, renovation and conservation of heritage buildings. In the case of multi-layered, huge and complex ancient constructions, various problems can be encountered in the early design phases of interventions, among which there is often a lack of an adequate building documentation. Such issues include drawings that are without a metric scale, not detailed, not updated or not reflecting the real situation. In addition, the fragility of these constructions requires an accurate census of every sign of deterioration in order to prepare an ad hoc intervention for the site. As an example, in this paper, the results of a survey regarding the Patriarchal Basilica of Santa Maria Assunta (Aquileia, Italy) are reported. The basilica has a rich history of about two thousand years. in which each era has marked the actual architectural layout with its own culture and art. The result is an intricate association of complementary and/or interdependent elements that make the building very complex. Given the need to obtain accurate documentation, a realistic representation and a simulation of the criticalities of the structure, which previously did not exist or were not sufficiently accurate, a multi-methodological and multi-scale diagnosis was performed. In detail, the ground-penetrating radar (GPR) technique was applied to verify the presence of structures still buried under some internal surfaces, and a topographic survey, terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), and structure for motion (SfM) aerial and terrestrial photogrammetry were integrated for the detailed survey of the entire internal and external macro-structure. The resulting outcome provided the comprehensive information needed for preparing projects for the preservation, management and restoration of the basilica and the buildings connected to it.

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“…[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Also, it has been noticed that in the past two decades a lot of research efforts were focused on 3D printing of polymers, [26][27][28][29][30][31][32] whereas a gap in the literature has highlighted that little work has been reported on the development of 3D printable composite material with smart/4D properties to provide a self-healing and self-assembling customized solution for heritage construction. [33][34][35][36]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On 3D printing of electro-active PVDF-Graphene and Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticle-based composite as a self-healing repair solution for heritage structures

Kumar

Singh

Ahuja

2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B:

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Construction is the part of human activity which is directly linked to urbanization for moving ahead on the path of growth and prosperity. Construction activities in past centuries are now part of our precious heritage. The repair and maintenance of heritage structures are of great importance for present-day researchers. One of the most common damage these century-long constructions faces are in form of surface cracks. In the present study, investigations were performed for a 3D printing-based customized solution for crack repair and maintenance of heritage structures. In this study, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer was reinforced with graphene (Gr) and Mn-doped ZnO nano-particles to prepare a smart composite material for crack repair and restoration. The composite was successfully 3D printed on fused deposition modeling (FDM) based 3D printer after investigating its rheological, thermal, and mechanical properties. The in-house developed composite was tested for smart characteristics to use as a programmable solution for filling cracks. The piezoelectric property and dielectric constant of 3D printed disk-shaped composite (PVDF-Gr-Mn-ZnO) were obtained after DC poling (to be used as stimulus) of the functional prototype. The results of the study suggest that the electro-active nature, volumetric change, and charge storing capacity of the additively manufactured composite may be used practically to acquire the shape of cavity/crack present in the constructed wall and repair the damages that occurred in a heritage site. The photoluminescence (PLS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis was used to ascertain the properties of the prepared composite. Also, the results obtained from the morphological analysis are reported to support the outcomes of the research.

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High resolution NDT in the characterization of the inner structure and materials of heritage buildings walls and columns

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Imaging Cultural Heritage at Different Scales: Part I, the Micro-Scale (Manufacts)

Imaging Cultural Heritage at Different Scales: Part I, the Micro-Scale (Manufacts)

Three-Dimensional Modeling and Non-Invasive Diagnosis of a Huge and Complex Heritage Building: The Patriarchal Basilica of Santa Maria Assunta in Aquileia (Udine, Italy)

On 3D printing of electro-active PVDF-Graphene and Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticle-based composite as a self-healing repair solution for heritage structures

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