High-resolution observations of plankton spatial distributions correlated with hydrography in the Great South Channel, Georges Bank

Gallager, Scott M.; Davis, Cabell S.; Epstein, Ari W.; Solow, Andy; Beardsley, Robert C.

doi:10.1016/s0967-0645(96)00058-6

Cited by 94 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Alternatively, variations in behavior of species, individuals, or specific ontogenetic stages may have led to asynchrony in group responses, thereby diminishing a statistically significant signal. Gallager et al (1996) were migrating above the thermocline in that study, as opposed to below the thermocline in the present study, this observation is consistent with the relative depth-dependent variations observed in the present study. Gallager et al (1996) interpreted the vertical abundance patterns as asynchronous migrations of individual larvae, and that concentrations of migrating larvae were low over time at intermediate depths despite the fact that larvae were migrating through those depths.…”

Section: Associations With Water Massessupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Some studies have shown the opposite vertical patterns, however, where concentrations were higher above the thermocline and at the surface (e.g., Gallager et al 1996;Tremblay and Sinclair 1990b;Pineda 1999). The causes of the discrepancy between an above-thermocline distribution and the below-thermocline distribution observed in the present study cannot be explained because species and stage information and larval sampling above the thermocline were limited in the present study.…”

Section: Associations With Water Massescontrasting

confidence: 78%

“…Diel vertical migrations have been observed for bivalve species occurring in estuaries, where water depths are generally shallow and the vertical gradients of environmental variables are steep (e.g., Kunkle 1958;DeWolf 1974;Stancyck and Feller 1986). The fact that some non-estuarine bivalve larvae migrate vertically on a diel cycle has been demonstrated directly in mesocosm experiments (e.g., Kaartvedt et al 1987;Silva and O'Dor 1988;Gallager et al 1996;Manuel 1996) and inferred from field distributions (e.g., Petipa 1955;Verwey 1966;Tremblay and Sinclair 1990b;. The results ofthe present study provide additional evidence of diel vertical migration in inner-shelf bivalve larvae.…”

Section: Associations With Water Massessupporting

confidence: 74%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Temporal variability and vertical structure in larval abundance : the potential roles of biological and physical processes

Garland¹

2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recruitment variability in benthic invertebrate populations results from variability in planktonic larval supply and from processes occurring during and after larval settlement onto the seafloor. The focus of this thesis is on the temporal and spatial variability in larval supply, the extent to which planktonic larval distributions are determined by larval behaviors and physical processes, and how differentially distributed larvae are advected to potential adult habitats by inner-shelf circulation such as wind-driven upwelling and downwelling. This research capitalized on two sets of larval concentration time series, collected by moored zooplankton pumps, and complemented by synoptic hydrographic time-series data.High variability was observed in larval concentration time series, yet the variations were nonrandom. Within the context of the sampling regime, two dominant modes of variability existed. One source of variation was associated with the synoptic meteorological time scale, and the other with the diurnal time scale. Over relatively long time scales, larvae were associated with particular water masses, defined by temperature-salinity characteristics. Within a particular water mass, group-specific vertical patterns were observed over both long and short time scales. "Lowfrequency" temporal variatious resulted primarily from wind-driven cross-shelf transport of water masses in which larvae were differentially distributed relative to the thermocline. "Higherfrequency" variations were attributed to diel vertical migrations. These findings suggest that larvae were passive to the degree that they were horizontally advected with certain water masses, but active to the degree that they could alter their vertical position in the water column.Local hydrodynamics, larval associations with specific water masses, and the vertical structure of larvae resulted in differential larval transport to potential adult habitats. Larval data indicate the times and places of possible coupling between water-column organisms and the benthos, leading to certain predictions regarding when and where larval settlement should be greatest.Time-series measurements of larval concentration yield a new perspective on the temporal and spatial variability in larval distributions at an inner-shelf site. Determining how processes operating at the synoptic and diurnal time scales are coupled, and to what extent they influence recruitment variability, represents a challenging extension of this work.

show abstract

Section: Associations With Water Massessupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Associations With Water Massescontrasting

confidence: 78%

Section: Associations With Water Massessupporting

confidence: 74%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Temporal variability and vertical structure in larval abundance : the potential roles of biological and physical processes

Garland¹

2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Stable waters can occur at certain times of the year, such as in summer when vertical mixing is low or, for example, at the pycnocline where the density gradient is strong, thus limiting mixing and adding to the persistence of hydrodynamic signalling. Gallager et al (1996) found that the strong swimmer Calanus aggregated where static stability of the water is high (high Richardson number Ri).…”

Section: (B) Spatiotemporal Coordination Of Mating Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fluid physics of signal perception by mate-tracking copepods

Yen

Weissburg

Doall

1998

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Within laboratory-induced swarms of the marine copepod Temora longicornis, the male exhibits chemically mediated trail-following behaviour, concluding with £uid mechanical provocation of the mate-capture response.The location and structure of the invisible trail were determined by examining the speci¢c behaviour of the female copepods creating the signal, the response of the male to her signal, and the £uid physics of signal persistence. Using the distance of the mate-tracking male from the ageing trail of the female, we estimated that the molecular di¡usion coe¤cient of the putative pheromonal stimulant was 2.7 Â10 À5 cm 2 s À1 , or 1000 times slower than the di¡usion of momentum. Estimates of signal strength levels, using calculations of di¡usive properties of odour trails and attenuation rates of £uid mechanical signals, were compared to the physiological and behavioural threshold detection levels. Males ¢nd trails because of strong across-plume chemical gradients; males sometimes go the wrong way because of weak along-plume gradients; males lose the trail when the female hops because of signal dilution; and mate-capture behaviour is elicited by suprathreshold £ow signals. The male is stimulated by the female odour to accelerate along the trail to catch up with her, and the boundary layer separating the signal from the chemosensitive receptors along the copepod antennule thins. Di¡usion times, and hence reaction times, shorten and behavioural orientation responses can proceed more quickly. While`perceptive' distance to the odour signal in the trail or the £uid mechanical signal from the female remains within 1^2 body lengths (55 mm), the`reactive' distance between males and females was an order of magnitude larger. Therefore, when nearest-neighbour distances are 5 cm or less, as in swarms of 10 4 copepods m À3 , mating events are facilitated. The strong similarity in the structure of mating trails and vortex tubes (isotropic, millimetre^centimetre scale, 10:1 aspect ratio, 10 s persistence), indicates that these trails are constrained by the same physical forces that in£uence water motion in a low Reynolds number £uid regime, where viscosity limits forces to the molecular scale. The exploratory reaches of mating trails appear inscribed within Kolmogorov eddies and may represent a measure of eddy size. Biologically formed mating trails, however, are distinct in their £ow velocity and chemical composition from common small-scale turbulent features; and mechanoreceptive and chemoreceptive copepods use their senses to discriminate these di¡erences. Zooplankton are not aimless wanderers in a featureless environment. Their ambit is replete with clues that guide them in their e¡orts for survival in the ocean.

show abstract

“…Fish (mainly of the family Gobiidae) were found almost exclusively during the day (Table 132 2). A temperature-salinity-plankton plot (Gallager et al 1996) showed mysids, fish, isopods and 133 jellyfish were not present during times with highest waves (Fig. 4), while on the contrary, 134 foraminiferans were primarily found when wave height exceeded 2 m. 135 136…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous monitoring of near-bottom mesoplankton communities in the East China Sea during a series of typhoons

2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

15Typhoons are a common feature of summer and autumn months in the East China Sea. These events 16 often promote phytoplankton growth in surface waters as a result of upwelling and transport of 17 nutrients, but their effects on sub-surface waters and ecosystems are little known. Furthermore, 18 biological studies tend to focus on phytoplankton (using chlorophyll a assays), rather than on 19 heterotrophic zooplankton. Indeed, measurements of biological and physicochemical changes 20 induced by the storms are difficult to perform and risky, using standard shipboard sampling 21 techniques. Using a camera mounted on an underwater, cabled observatory system in shallow 22 coastal waters of Okinawa, Japan, we collected the first continuous, in-situ observations of the near-23 bottom, mesoplankton community during a series of typhoons. An increase in diatoms and 24 radiolarians was found during all typhoons, whereas the response of larger zooplankton groups was 25 variable between typhoons. A bloom of Trichodesmium cyanobacteria and diatoms was seen after a 26 series of typhoons, while the total chlorophyll a concentration remained nearly unchanged at the 27 sampling location. These findings shed new light on short-term responses of sub-surface 28 ecosystems during typhoons. 29 30 31

show abstract

High-resolution observations of plankton spatial distributions correlated with hydrography in the Great South Channel, Georges Bank

Cited by 94 publications

References 24 publications

Temporal variability and vertical structure in larval abundance : the potential roles of biological and physical processes

Temporal variability and vertical structure in larval abundance : the potential roles of biological and physical processes

The fluid physics of signal perception by mate-tracking copepods

Continuous monitoring of near-bottom mesoplankton communities in the East China Sea during a series of typhoons

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About