High‐rise concrete and clay block masonry building in Brazil

Parsekian, Guilherme Aris; Medeiros, Wallison Angelim; Sipp, Gustavo

doi:10.1002/dama.201800010

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…This work was based on collecting biowaste samples in civil construction sites in Recife during the construction of a multi-story residential building made of reinforced concrete and masonry, consisting of 40 floors and a constructed area of 11,416.91 m 2 . Reinforced concrete and masonry are the most common type of building construction carried out in Brazil [24].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Production of Gaseous Biofuels Using Biomass Waste from Construction Sites in Recife, Brazil

Silva¹,

Loureiro²,

Santos³

et al. 2020

Processes

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Due to climate change problems caused by greenhouse gas emissions generated by fossil fuels and from waste disposition, fuel alternatives for power generation are being extensively researched. Currently, in Brazil and in many countries, wood waste is disposed in landfills. However, due to lignin, one of the major constituents of biomass, which prevents wood waste from suffering microbial degradation, there is no significant mass degradation, even over decades, when landfilled. Hence, landfilling is not a solution to discard wood waste. Hence, one of the solutions to get rid of the great amount of wood waste is to use it as feedstock in waste-to-electricity (WTE) projects. WTE projects are in high demand in the world, as they can replace fossil fuels and they reduce two major environmental problems (greenhouse gas emissions due to the use of fossil fuels and the accumulation of waste in landfills), while generating biofuels and/or electricity. One of the residues that can be used in WTE projects is biomass residue from construction sites (CCbiowaste). CCbiowaste could be converted into gaseous biofuels through pyrolysis or gasification. These gaseous biofuels can be used in Otto engines connected to an electricity generator (gensets) to produce electricity and/or heat (cogeneration applications). Hence, the objective of this research was to characterize (physically, chemically, and energetically) civil construction biomass wastes (CCbiowaste), produced in a residential building construction site in Recife, Brazil, and to use these wastes in a bench-scale gasifier to produce gaseous biofuels at the temperatures of 700 °C, 800 °C, and 900 °C. The gaseous fuels were collected in the gasifier and analyzed in a gas chromatograph equipped with a thermal conductivity detector (TCD) to determine their composition and heating values. The lower heating value (LHV) results varied from 8.07 MJ∙m−3 to 10.74 MJ∙m−3 for 700 °C to 900 °C gasification temperature. These gaseous fuels were tested in an adapted Otto cycle engine connected to an electricity generator to prove the feasibility of this application. The highest total energy per ton of biomass was obtained for mixed wood and Pinus at 900 °C, with approximately 13 GJ∙ton−1. Hence, the use of CCbiowaste can become an option for the reuse of wasted wood instead of simply dumping in a landfill.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Production of Gaseous Biofuels Using Biomass Waste from Construction Sites in Recife, Brazil

Silva¹,

Loureiro²,

Santos³

et al. 2020

Processes

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“…Masonry is the only traditional in-fill material used in reinforced concrete frames. Due to variables including resource availability, societal limitations, cultural affinity, and economic feasibility, structured masonry has gained popularity in the construction of monumental, administrative, and residential buildings (Parajuli et al, 2020, Parsekian et al, 2018. In previous studies, to form masonry walls, beds, and head joints were used to connect concrete hollow blocks (Hasan et al, 2021, Ma et al, 2016, Gabor et al, 2019, Reboul et al, 2018, Al-Shugaa et al, 2019, Chi et al, 2019, Calderón et al, 2020, Materials & 2018 this implies that skilled workers are required in the construction process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Masonry Hollow Block Walls: Materials and Construction

Musa Ayagi,

Abu Bakar,

Abd Manan

2023

TJIEM

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Concrete hollow blocks are commonly used in building construction, particularly for multi-story buildings, factories, and residential structures. Hollow blocks are more practical because of their lightweight, and the most significant feature is the ease with which they can be ventilated. This paper provides an overview of modern masonry hollow block wall construction, starting with an overview of its applications and benefits. Mortars are typically made from cement and sand; with lime or a plasticizer added to improve workability. To improve economy and productivity, compressive strength, density, masonry hollow block properties, and masonry wall behaviour with the factors to consider for load-bearing and non-load-bearing wall construction were summarised and described, and key reference lists are included.

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“…One such changes are the use of masonry project designs, which considers aspects such as modulation of the blocks, interference with construction systems, such as plumbing and electrical, opening sizes, etc. (Parsekian et al 2018). These decisions are now made in the project planning phase, ensuring a proper fit between the blocks and uniform mortar joints, which means increasing the integrity and stability of the masonry walls, as well as decreasing material waste, streamlining of production, higher quality, amongst other advantages (Parsekian et al 2018, Zhang et al 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Labor Productivity Improvement Obtained by Masonry Walls Project Design Implementation

Santos

Agostinho

Araújo³

et al. 2020

EPPM-Journal

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This paper aims to quantify the labor productivity improvement reached by the implementation of a masonry wall project design to guide field construction. A masonry wall project design is an instrument of rationalization, developed to specify the layout and steps of a masonry walls execution. The methodology is of quantitative nature and involves a practical case. The work of an enterprise in Goiânia (Brazil) was tracked by the collection of productivity data, firstly of a crew that didn’t have access to a masonry wall project design, and then of a crew that had access to the project. The evaluation of the productivity improvement was processed by means of statistical analysis, such as location and dispersion measures, average and variance, T-test, and F-value. Hypothesis tests were also performed to prove that the changes in productivity were caused by the implementation of the masonry project. The results showed that the project deployment optimized the production process in the field. There was a 26% increase in the team average productivity with access to the project design according to the hypothesis tests. The main contribution of this work is to present the beneficial impact of a masonry wall project design tailored for field construction, which allows a formal and rational approach to a heavily artisanal technique.

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High‐rise concrete and clay block masonry building in Brazil

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

The Production of Gaseous Biofuels Using Biomass Waste from Construction Sites in Recife, Brazil

The Production of Gaseous Biofuels Using Biomass Waste from Construction Sites in Recife, Brazil

Review on Masonry Hollow Block Walls: Materials and Construction

Labor Productivity Improvement Obtained by Masonry Walls Project Design Implementation

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