High-Risk Biodegradable Waste Processing By Alkaline Hydrolysis

Kalambura, Sanja; Voća, Neven; Krička, Tajana; Šindrak, Zoran; Špehar, Ana; Kalambura, Dejan

doi:10.2478/10004-1254-62-2011-2104

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This technology is used to destroy animal carcasses, tissues, anatomical parts, blood, body fluids, toxic agents and fixatives (Thacker and Leon 2004;Kalambura et al 2011). For this purpose, it requires an aqueous solution with sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide at temperatures around 150-300 ºC to convert all the organic materials present into a sterile solution of small molecules such as proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates and fatty acids salts (Thacker and Leon 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of alkaline hydrolysis and autoclaving on inorganic components present in healthcare waste

Pinho

Nunes

2014

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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In this work, samples of components usually present in healthcare waste, such as cotton, diapers, transfusion tubes, surgical gloves, examination gloves, adhesives, surgical masks, urine bag collectors, serum bottles and syringes, were subjected to alkaline hydrolysis or autoclaving and the effects of these treatments were assessed. Both treatments were carried out at 135 ºC, and the weight loss and the carbon loss of the components as well as the total organic carbon and the chemical oxygen demand in the effluents were determined. The biodegradability of effluents was assessed by measuring the bio-chemical oxygen demand after 5 days. Alkaline hydrolysis caused appreciable degradation in most of the components, with the adhesives and the diapers having the highest weight losses and carbon losses. Components made with low-density polyethylene, highdensity polyethylene and polypropylene showed good chemical resistance with 2 M NaOH solution. The effluents obtained after alkaline treatment of healthcare waste are hazardous due to their very high alkalinity. The effluent obtained after treatment of a mixture of all components using a 2 M NaOH solution was biodegradable with the following parameters: 6.5 g C/l of total organic carbon, 29.8 g O2/l of chemical oxygen demand and 14.9 g O2/l of biochemical oxygen demand after 5 days. Although the autoclaving treatment degraded the components much less than alkaline hydrolysis, the effluents obtained from some components showed an appreciable organic load.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of alkaline hydrolysis and autoclaving on inorganic components present in healthcare waste

Pinho

Nunes

2014

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Education is one of the basic human needs for selfdevelopment. Generally in Indonesia, formal education is divided into several levels, that is basic education which includes elementary and junior high school or equivalent, then secondary education, which includes high school or equivalent, and higher education which consists of programs available at universities such as Bachelor's, Master's or Doctoral degrees [20]. In addition to formal education, waste management knowledge can also be obtained from society's participation in discussion forums or seminars on the theme of waste management [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The correlation between formal education and knowledge of used cooking oil management at Kampung Tersenyum society in South Jakarta

Diputra,

Sunardi,

Siyaranamual

2024

E3S Web Conf.

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The phenomenon of used cooking oil collection at Kampung Tersenyum in South Jakarta has not been optimal. According to the data, there are only 36 sub-districts out of 65 sub-districts in South Jakarta that have been monitored to collect used cooking oil in the period October 2019 – June 2020. This research aims to analyze the knowledge of used cooking oil management in Kampung Tersenyum Society, South Jakarta. This research used a quantitative descriptive method. The population in this research is the residents of Kampung Tersenyum, South Jakarta. The sampling technique in this research was carried out with a purposive sampling method of 60 respondents. Data collection techniques used observation and interviews with questionnaires. Data analysis used percentage descriptive techniques. The results of the research showed that the last formal education majority of the society is at the high school level. The knowledge of used cooking oil management in South Jakarta is in the high category. From the results of the analysis, it was found that there is a correlation between formal education that has been taken with waste management knowledge which is the majority of elementary and junior high school education are knowledgeable in the category tends to be low, while the majority of education at the senior high school, bachelor,and master levels are knowledgeable in the high category.

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“…Alkaline hydrolysis is particularly applied in the treatment of contaminated K1 and K2 category tissues [ 11,12]. Earlier studies have shown that alkaline hydrolysis generates a sterile, neutral solution of amino acids, peptides, sugars, and soap [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This material is a beneficial, highly nutritious solution and an excellent fertilizer. It is also an excellent nutrient source for anaerobic or aerobic sewage treatment plants or biogas plants, often providing micronutrients [11,12,6,15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-risk bio-waste processing by alkaline hydrolysis and isolation of amino acids

et al. 2016

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Original scientific paper Slaughterhouse waste can be very dangerous and potential risk for animal and human health. Brains and spinal cords are deemed high-risk substances and can be infected with prions; their treatment is therefore only possible in strictly controlled conditions. One of the methods which can achieve the necessary reduction in health risk is alkaline hydrolysis. Standard alkaline hydrolysis is at 150 °C, 3-6 hours, and 4 bars. In this investigation focus was on different alkaline conditions: temperature (135 °C, 150 °C, 153 °C), time (2, 3, 6 hours), and base (NaOH and KOH) due to the fact that amino acids are sensitive to variations on temperature, pressure and base media. Analyzed amino acid composition of hydrolyzed material at different testing conditions show successful hydrolysis. The highest value of protein, which is generally relatively low, was achieved with NaOH at a temperature of 135 °C and time of 2 hours, whereas in the reaction with KOH the highest obtained value was achieved at 150 °C and 3 hours. The dry substance was increasing with time, and the highest value was achieved at the temperature of 150 °C and time 6 hours for both bases (NaOH, and KOH). Most of the amino acids went full racemization during the process; especially in D-amino acids like aspartic acid, glutamic acid, tryptophan and isoleucine. Lysine shows higher resistance to alkaline medium than other amino acids. Isolation of certain amino acids, like: asparagine, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, and leucine, is possible because they show higher concentrations in hydrolysates. Keywords: alkaline hydrolysis parameters; health risks; slaughterhouse waste; waste management Obrada visokorizičnog bio otpada metodom alkalne hidrolize i izolacija amino kiselinaIzvorni znanstveni članak Nusproizvod životinjskog podrijetla vrlo je opasan za životinje i ljudsko zdravlje. Mozak životinja i leđna moždina su vrlo rizični te mogu biti zaraženi prionima te je stoga vrlo važno da se zbrinjavanje ovakvog materijala obavlja u strogo kontroliranim uvjetima. Metoda kojom se postiže smanjenje rizika za zdravlje ljudi je metoda alkalne hidrolize. Standardna metoda alkalne hidrolize odvija se pri 150 °C, 3 h do 6 h i tlaku od 4 bara. Rad donosi istraživanje na polju izolacije amino kiselina nakon provedene alkalne hidrolize pri različitim uvjetima temperature (135 °C, 150 °C, 153 °C), vremena (2 h, 3 h, 6 h) i lužinama (NaOHi KOH) uzimajući u obzir činjenicu da su amino kiseline osjetljive na promjenu temperature, lužine i tlaka. Analizirani hidrolizat pokazuje uspješno provedenu alkalnu hidrolizu pri različitim eksperimentalnim uvjetima.Veći sadržaj proteina, koji je generalno u svim uzorcima relativno nizak, postignut je s NaOH pri temperature 135 °C i vremenu 2 h, dok je u reakciji s KOH veća koncentracija proteina postignuta pri 150 °C i 3 h. Suha tvar se povećavala s duljinom hidroliziranja te je najveća vrijednost postignuta pri temperaturi od 150 °C i vremenu od 6 h s obje lužine. Većina aminokiselina je prošla process racemiza...

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High-Risk Biodegradable Waste Processing By Alkaline Hydrolysis

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Effects of alkaline hydrolysis and autoclaving on inorganic components present in healthcare waste

Effects of alkaline hydrolysis and autoclaving on inorganic components present in healthcare waste

The correlation between formal education and knowledge of used cooking oil management at Kampung Tersenyum society in South Jakarta

High-risk bio-waste processing by alkaline hydrolysis and isolation of amino acids

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