High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Is Associated with HIV Acquisition among South African Female Sex Workers

Auvert, Bertran; Marais, Dianne J.; Lissouba, Pascale; Zarca, Kevin; Ramjee, Gita; Williamson, Anna‐Lise

doi:10.1155/2011/692012

Cited by 51 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The preclinical and subclinical HPV infections might not develop into a clinical disease under the suppression of a competent immune system. For example, out of the 14 HPV types designated high-risk for cervical cancer by the IARC (48), 10 (types 16,18,39,45,51,52,56,59,66, and 68) were present in the vagina of nine women with no clinical diseases. Some high-risk HPV types were also detected in samples from the skin (types 18, 45, and 58), gut (types 18, 58, and 68), and mouth (type 66) in healthy subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanisms leading to any of the putative interactions we detected between HPV types in the skin or vagina may be quite diverse. Moreover, there is accumulating evidence for complex interactions between viruses and the immune environment in the genital tract (59,60) and between microbial flora and viruses in the gut (61,62). While our analysis provides a survey of putative interactions between HPV types in health, future studies of possible interactions with members of the bacterial flora and other members of the viral flora not assayed here are needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Human Papillomavirus Community in Healthy Persons, Defined by Metagenomics Analysis of Human Microbiome Project Shotgun Sequencing Data Sets

Karaöz

Nossa³

et al. 2014

J Virol

115

101

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes a number of neoplastic diseases in humans. Here, we show a complex normal HPV community in a cohort of 103 healthy human subjects, by metagenomics analysis of the shotgun sequencing data generated from the NIH Human Microbiome Project. The overall HPV prevalence was 68.9% and was highest in the skin (61.3%), followed by the vagina (41.5%), mouth (30%), and gut (17.3%). Of the 109 HPV types as well as additional unclassified types detected, most were undetectable by the widely used commercial kits targeting the vaginal/cervical HPV types. These HPVs likely represent true HPV infections rather than transitory exposure because of strong organ tropism and persistence of the same HPV types in repeat samples. Coexistence of multiple HPV types was found in 48.1% of the HPV-positive samples. Networking between HPV types, cooccurrence or exclusion, was detected in vaginal and skin samples. Large contigs assembled from short HPV reads were obtained from several samples, confirming their genuine HPV origin. This first large-scale survey of HPV using a shotgun sequencing approach yielded a comprehensive map of HPV infections among different body sites of healthy human subjects. IMPORTANCEThis nonbiased survey indicates that the HPV community in healthy humans is much more complex than previously defined by widely used kits that are target selective for only a few high-and low-risk HPV types for cervical cancer. The importance of nononcogenic viruses in a mixed HPV infection could be for stimulating or inhibiting a coexisting oncogenic virus via viral interference or immune cross-reaction. Knowledge gained from this study will be helpful to guide the designing of epidemiological and clinical studies in the future to determine the impact of nononcogenic HPV types on the outcome of HPV infections. Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are a group of doublestranded, nonenveloped, small DNA viruses that are widely prevalent among human populations. To date, 176 types of HPV isolated from different body sites have been identified and collected in two HPV databases (http://pave.niaid.nih.gov, http: //www.hpvcenter.se) searched on 30 November 2013, and the number is growing (1-3).HPV is a well-established cause of cervical cancers (4-8). It is well known that long-term persistence of HPV infection is a necessity for development of cervical cancers, and the majority of women with HPV infection show a "healthy" phenotype for most of their lifetime (9). HPV infection has been linked worldwide to several cancers outside the reproductive system, including cancers of the oropharynx, pharynx, larynx, tonsils, and so on (10-15). Around 30 HPV types, notably types 16 (i.e., HPV16) and 18, which showed a strong association with cervical cancers, were designated high-or low-risk types. Although more and more nonrisk types have been observed from various human samples by traditional HPV detection methods (16-18), our understanding of HPV prevalence has been limited by the narrowed spectrum of amplicon-based me...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Papillomavirus Community in Healthy Persons, Defined by Metagenomics Analysis of Human Microbiome Project Shotgun Sequencing Data Sets

Karaöz

Nossa³

et al. 2014

J Virol

115

101

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“…This raises the question as to whether individuals who receive HPV vaccination will have the added benefit of lowering risk of HIV infection [5,21]. Since there are currently no data to directly estimate this, we used our observational data to examine risk of HIV acquisition among men infected with vaccine-preventable types 16/18, taking into account other concurrent HPV infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of HIV acquisition among circumcised and uncircumcised young men with penile human papillomavirus infection

Rositch

Mao

Hudgens

et al. 2014

Aids

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Objectives There are very few data from men on the risk of HIV acquisition associated with penile human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and no data on the potential modifying effect of male circumcision. Therefore, this study evaluated whether HPV is independently associated with risk of HIV. Design A cohort study of HPV natural history nested within a randomized control trial of male circumcision to reduce HIV incidence in Kisumu, Kenya. Methods Prospective data from 2519 men were analyzed using 6-month discrete-time Cox models to determine if HIV acquisition was higher among circumcised or uncircumcised men with HPV compared to HPV-uninfected men. Results Risk of HIV acquisition was nonsignificantly increased among men with any HPV [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.72; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.94–3.15] and high-risk HPV (aHR 1.92; 95% CI 0.96–3.87) compared to HPV-uninfected men, and estimates did not differ by circumcision status. Risk of HIV increased 27% with each additional HPV genotype infection (aHR 1.27; 95% CI 1.09–1.48). Men with persistent (aHR 3.27; 95% CI 1.59–6.72) or recently cleared (aHR 3.05; 95% CI 1.34–6.97) HPV had a higher risk of HIV acquisition than HPV-uninfected men. Conclusions Consistent with the findings in women, HPV infection, clearance, and persistence were associated with an increased risk of HIV acquisition in men. Given the high prevalence of HPV in populations at risk of HIV, consideration of HPV in future HIV-prevention studies and investigation into mechanisms through which HPV might facilitate HIV acquisition are needed.

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“…To estimate the effect of HPV status at v 0 on HIV acquisition later in the study, two analysis methods were used: (1) a Cox proportional hazards model with baseline HPV status28 or number of HPV types detected24 as a fixed covariate to produce HRs and (2) logistic regression to produce odds ratios (ORs) 3 29…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are associations between HIV and human papillomavirus transmission due to behavioural confounding or biological effects?

et al. 2018

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High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Is Associated with HIV Acquisition among South African Female Sex Workers

Cited by 51 publications

References 45 publications

Human Papillomavirus Community in Healthy Persons, Defined by Metagenomics Analysis of Human Microbiome Project Shotgun Sequencing Data Sets

Human Papillomavirus Community in Healthy Persons, Defined by Metagenomics Analysis of Human Microbiome Project Shotgun Sequencing Data Sets

Risk of HIV acquisition among circumcised and uncircumcised young men with penile human papillomavirus infection

Are associations between HIV and human papillomavirus transmission due to behavioural confounding or biological effects?

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