High-risk human papillomaviruses l1 gene isolates identified in Western Kazakhstan

Abstract

Kazakhstani researchers reported a significant prevalence of highly carcinogenic human papillomavirus types in the country.<br /> The article <b>aimed</b> to present HPV L1 gene sequencing developments in women affected with cervical cancer throughout the western part of Kazakhstan with provided findings on the geographic pathways of obtained isolates.<br /> <b>Methods. </b>The HPV L1 gene was amplified using the consensus primers MY09HPV 5’-CGTCCMARRGGAWACTGATC-3’ and MY11HPV 5’ – GCMCAGGGWCATAAYAATGG-3’.  The purified DNA was used as the target for direct nucleotide sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted using the MegAlign program from the LASERGENE software package (version 6.0; DNA star, Madison, WI) and with MEGA version 5.0 software. A multiple alignment was created through Clustal W software, and the neighbor-joining method was used to construct the phylogenetic tree.<br /> <b>Results.</b> Of 70 HPV samples transported to the Astana shared laboratory for gene L1 sequencing, only ten appeared fit to obtain isolates (14.3%). The viral load of the samples ranged from 3.3 to 8.2, and the range of DNA concentration was from 8.16 to 69.6 ng/uL. HPV16 unique Kazakhstani isolate from Aktobe, having its own branch, and not yet registered in the world genebank, was revealed. An isolate of potentially carcinogenic HPV53 forming a remote cluster with KF436822/1, KU951264.1 - Southwest China, and 97% identity with EU056643.1 - Ireland, and acted as a single agent for invasive cervical cancer was identified.<br /> In general, the sequencing findings indicate the variety of ways for HPV pervasion into the western region of Kazakhstan: North and South America, Europe, and Asia.<br /> <i><i>The study was recorded in the ISRCTN registry, No. 7154910, 02/01/2018.</i></i>