High salinity wastewater treatment by membrane bioreactors

Capodici, Marco; Cosenza, Alida; Bella, Gaetano Di; Trapani, Daniele Di; Viviani, Gaspare; Mannina, Giorgio

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819854-4.00008-3

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Different equipment such as pumps, heat exchangers, pipes, or other parts of desalination systems must be protected against corrosion by special corrosion‐resistant metals such as nickel alloys and corrosion‐resistant coatings. As per the previous studies, 31, 41, 42 divalent cations, for example, Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Ba 2+ , and Sr 2+ , are responsible for the scale forming process. In the critical state, these species transform from soluble to insoluble forms due to changes during the process, such as temperature changes, pH changes, and solute composition changes.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Desalination Processes (Pretreatment and Main ...supporting

confidence: 63%

“…Subsequently, they may combine the divalent anions and form scales. 31,42 Hence, the treatment of high TDS brines presents some significant challenges, making them very special and unique cases for treatment. The treatment of high TDS brines will probably require implementing a chain treatment technology, not a single one.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Desalination Processes (Pretreatment and Main ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the critical state, these species transform from soluble to insoluble forms due to changes during the process, such as temperature changes, pH changes, and solute composition changes. Subsequently, they may combine the divalent anions and form scales 31, 42 …”

Section: Evaluation Of Desalination Processes (Pretreatment and Main ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimum chain desalination process design for treatment of high TDS brine: A case assessment for future treatment of extracted brine from Shenhua CO₂storage site

et al. 2023

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Carbon dioxide‐enhanced water recovery (CO2‐EWR) is a promising strategy for managing reservoir pressure build‐up and mitigating the risk of fault activation resulting from CO2 injection in deep saline aquifers. CO2‐EWR can also be employed for supplying the required water for different applications after a treatment stage for the produced saline water. In this study, a brief review on CO2‐EWR technology and its necessities are first carried out. After that, the feasibilities, advantages, and challenges of various available treatment technologies that can potentially be used to treat high total dissolved solids (TDS) brine are comprehensively assessed. Based on comprehensive evaluation on technologies, a chain desalination process, consisting of pretreatment, main treatment, and post treatment, is proposed as a strategic path for the treatment of high TDS brine extracted from the Shenhua CCS site. It is concluded that coagulation‐flocculation and gravity filtration are needed as primary stages to remove suspended particles, while membrane distillation (MD) is selected as a suitable main treatment technology for high TDS Shenhua brine. Then, MD treatment is comprehensively discussed for a small‐scale treatment of extracted Shenhua brine assuming that the pretreated brine is free of suspended solids. After presenting the heat and mass transfer equations for direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD), a mathematical thermodynamic model is programmed in EES (Engineering Equation Solver) software to briefly analyze the performance parameters of DCMD. The results indicate that the designed DCMD, in the absence of auxiliary systems and considering the inherent temperature of extracted brine from different formations, has the capability of producing 15.1 kg m−2hr of freshwater from the extracted brine of the Shihezi formation layer. In the case of employing the auxiliary system of flat‐plate collector (FPC) combined with heat exchanger (HX) to heat up the extracted Shenhua brine to the desired temperature of 80°C, the amounts of produced flux are enhanced by 133%, 72%, and 45% for the brine extracted from Liujiagou, Shiqianfeng, and Shihezi formations, respectively. Using the yearly solar radiation model in TRNSYS software, the maximum solar radiation on the tilted surface at the location of Shenhua project in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China reaches 3800 kJ m−2hr at 1 PM on April 1. Considering maximum solar radiation on the tilted surface, it is proved that a small‐surface FPC can supply the required energy to heat up the extracted brine from its inherent temperature to the desired temperature of 80°C. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Evaluation Of Desalination Processes (Pretreatment and Main ...supporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Evaluation Of Desalination Processes (Pretreatment and Main ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimum chain desalination process design for treatment of high TDS brine: A case assessment for future treatment of extracted brine from Shenhua CO₂storage site

et al. 2023

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“…The literature reviews regarding high salinity wastewater treatment show that organic matter removal under aerobic conditions can be carried out at high chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies (.90%) (Capodici et al, 2020;Tan et al, 2019). Most of the reported research works tested salts concentrations up to 20-35 g NaCl/L but some studies showed that aerobic organic matter removal can successfully take place at salt concentrations as high as 80-150 g NaCl/L (Artiga et al, 2008;Dincer & Kargi, 2001;Juang et al, 2009;Kubo et al, 2001;Lefebvre et al, 2005).…”

Section: Organic Matter Removal 341 Aerobic Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinity effects on biological treatments

2021

Treatment and Valorisation of Saline Wastewater: Principles and Practice

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High salinity environments can cause the denaturation of microbial enzymes and the destruction of the cell structure. In order to withstand these effects, microorganisms are able to develop mechanisms to both maintain the osmotic pressure balance inside the cells with the bulk liquid and retain water. Organic matter and nitrogen can be removed from high salinity effluents by means of biological processes, once microorganisms are previously adapted to the salt presence, but phosphorus removal efficiency decreases notably under saline conditions, even applying long acclimation periods or using a marine inoculum. Sudden fluctuations of wastewater salt concentration are the worst scenario for biological treatment systems since they cause the loss of pollutant removal efficiency that cannot be avoided even using halophilic microorganisms.

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“…The literature reviews regarding high salinity wastewater treatment show that organic matter removal under aerobic conditions can be carried out at high chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies (.90%) (Capodici et al, 2020;. Most of the reported research works tested salts concentrations up to 20-35 g NaCl/L but some studies showed that aerobic organic matter removal can successfully take place at salt concentrations as high as 80-150 g NaCl/L Dincer & Kargi, 2001;Juang et al, 2009;Kubo et al, 2001;Lefebvre et al, 2005).…”

Section: Organic Matter Removal 341 Aerobic Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment and Valorisation of Saline Wastewater: Principles and Practice

Río¹,

Corral²

2021

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Salinisation of freshwater occurs around the world due to anthropogenic activities associated with urban and industrial activities. These activities include groundwater abstraction for potable water supply to levels that favour seawater intrusions in coastal areas, the use of decalcifying products to prevent damage to appliances and the utilisation of salt media in industrial processes. These uses of water produce saline wastewater which is subjected to cleaning treatments that do not include salt removal. Thus, treated wastewater is reintroduced to the environment with salt levels that reduce its quality and make its further utilisation difficult. For this reason, an evaluation of the sources of wastewater with salt concentrations (e.g. NaCl) in the range from 1,300 (moderately saline) to 28,800 mg/L (very highly saline) will be provided in this section. Characteristics and compositions will be described for urban and industrial wastewater. The specific problems associated with the presence of salts will be presented and discussed.

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High salinity wastewater treatment by membrane bioreactors

Cited by 11 publications

References 79 publications

Optimum chain desalination process design for treatment of high TDS brine: A case assessment for future treatment of extracted brine from Shenhua CO₂storage site

Optimum chain desalination process design for treatment of high TDS brine: A case assessment for future treatment of extracted brine from Shenhua CO₂storage site

Salinity effects on biological treatments

Treatment and Valorisation of Saline Wastewater: Principles and Practice

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High salinity wastewater treatment by membrane bioreactors

Cited by 11 publications

References 79 publications

Optimum chain desalination process design for treatment of high TDS brine: A case assessment for future treatment of extracted brine from Shenhua CO2storage site

Optimum chain desalination process design for treatment of high TDS brine: A case assessment for future treatment of extracted brine from Shenhua CO2storage site

Salinity effects on biological treatments

Treatment and Valorisation of Saline Wastewater: Principles and Practice

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Optimum chain desalination process design for treatment of high TDS brine: A case assessment for future treatment of extracted brine from Shenhua CO₂storage site

Optimum chain desalination process design for treatment of high TDS brine: A case assessment for future treatment of extracted brine from Shenhua CO₂storage site