High‐Security Nanocluster for Switching Photodynamic Combining Photothermal and Acid‐Induced Drug Compliance Therapy Guided by Multimodal Active‐Targeting Imaging

Abstract

High-security nanoplatform with enhanced therapy compliance is extremely promising for tumor. Herein, using a simple and high-efficient self-assembly method, a novel active-targeting nanocluster probe, namely, Ag 2 S/chlorin e6 (Ce6)/DOX@DSPE-mPEG 2000 -folate (ACD-FA) is synthesized. Experiments indicate that ACD-FA is capable of specifically labeling tumor and guiding targeting ablation of the tumor via precise positioning from fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging. Importantly, the probe is endowed with a photodynamic "on-off " effect, that is, Ag 2 S could effectively quench the fluorescence of chlorin e6 (89.5%) and inhibit release of 1 O 2 (92.7%), which is conducive to avoid unwanted phototoxicity during transhipment in the body, and only after nanocluster endocytosed by tumor cells could release Ce6 to produce 1 O 2 . Moreover, ACD-FA also achieves excellent acid-responsive drug release, and exhibits eminent chemo-photothermal and photodynamic effects upon laser irradiation. Compared with single or two treatment combining modalities, ACD-FA could provide the best cancer therapeutic effect with a relatively low dose, because it made the most of combined effect from chemo-photothermal and controlled photodynamic therapy, and significantly improves the drug compliance. Besides, the active-targeting nanocluster notably reduces nonspecific toxicity of both doxorubicin and chlorin e6. Together, this study demonstrates the potency of a newly designed nanocluster for nonradioactive concomitant therapy with precise tumortargeting capability.

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“…Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was used to investigate the surface modification of CNTs by DDT and AgNO 3 . 25 The results are shown in Fig. S8 in ESI.…”

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“…11 ). 108 In the nanocluster state, the fluorescence of Ce6 was quenched by 89.6% by the Ag 2 S, and the singlet oxygen production capacity was quenched by 92.7%. Thus, in this cluster, Ag 2 S controlled the photodynamic efficiency and fluorescence by acting as a switch in the supramolecular structure.…”