Two-dimensional
(2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) heterostructures
have attracted a lot of attention due to their rich material diversity
and stack geometry, precise controllability of structure and properties,
and potential practical applications. These heterostructures not only
overcome the inherent limitations of individual materials but also
enable the realization of new properties through appropriate combinations,
establishing a platform to explore new physical and chemical properties
at micro-nano-pico scales. In this review, we systematically summarize
the latest research progress in the synthesis, modulation, and application
of 2D TMD heterostructures. We first introduce the latest techniques
for fabricating 2D TMD heterostructures, examining the rationale,
mechanisms, advantages, and disadvantages of each strategy. Furthermore,
we emphasize the importance of characteristic modulation in 2D TMD
heterostructures and discuss some approaches to achieve novel functionalities.
Then, we summarize the representative applications of 2D TMD heterostructures.
Finally, we highlight the challenges and future perspectives in the
synthesis and device fabrication of 2D TMD heterostructures and provide
some feasible solutions.