High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol association with incident of cardiovascular events: Isfahan cohort study

Abstract

Background There are many studies on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) association with cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, just a few studies investigated whether the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) could participate in hs-CRP prognostic strength. This study aimed to determine the alliance of hs-CRP and LDL-C in different concentrations in occurrence cardiovascular events in the Isfahan Cohort Study (ICS). Methods 3277 participants aged 35 and above were included in the current analysis. We evaluated the association of elevated hs-CRP levels (≥ 3 mg/dL) and CVD events including myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, stroke, CVD, CVD mortality, and all-cause mortality in those with LDL-C ≥ or < 130 mg/dL Cox frailty models was used to determine possible interactions. Results In both crude and fully adjusted models, there was no significant interaction between LDL-C and hs-CRP levels with the incidence of MI, stroke, CVD mortality, and all-cause death. Neither elevated LDL-C alone nor elevated CRP alone were associated with the risk of all cardiovascular events and all-cause death. However, participants with elevated concentrations of both hs-CRP and LDL-C had a greater risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) (hazards ratio (HR) 1.44; 95% CI 1.03–2.02) and CVD (HR 1.36; 95% CI 1.01–1.83) than those with low LDL-C and hs-CRP. Conclusion These results indicate that despite a null association between elevated levels of CRP or LDL-C alone and CVD events, concurrent rise in LDL-C and hs-CRP levels is associated with higher risk of IHD and CVD.

Inflammation biomarkers are associated with the incidence of cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis

“…The use of these biomarkers is attractive because they integrate signals from multiple pathophysiologic pathways and have some combined predictive utility (54). The results of the meta-analysis are consistent with previous studies, such as epidemiological investigations showing that for CVD-related diseases, circulating concentrations of FIB are associated with stroke and that their elevated levels predict the incidence of HF (55)(56)(57). As the accepted "gold standard," CRP has been confirmed in numerous studies to be a marker of future CVD risk (58-63).…”

Association of the High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein-to-Albumin Ratio with Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque: A Community-Based Cohort Study

“… 7 , 26 It might also promote the uptake of oxidized LDL into endothelial cells, inducing endothelial dysfunction through the ligand-binding domain of hs-CRP binding to the LDL-C scavenger receptor. 11 , 27 Similarly, ALB, which is synthesized by hepatocytes and influenced by inflammatory and nutritional levels 28 and is expressed as a negative acute-phase protein that is negatively correlated with the severity of inflammation, has been associated with atherosclerosis due to its ability to maintain osmotic pressure, resist blood stagnation and thrombosis, and provide antioxidant effects as the primary antioxidant in the human body. 28 , 29 CAR, reflecting combined hs-CRP and ALB levels, may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis through these mechanisms, potentially through intrinsic inflammatory processes within atherosclerotic plaques.…”

Modulation of Lipid Profile and Lipoprotein Subfractions in Overweight/Obese Women at Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases through the Consumption of Apple/Berry Juice

“…The presence of sdLDL influences many aspects of atherosclerosis, such as affecting lipid metabolism, promoting the release of inflammatory factors leading to inflammatory reaction, and releasing excessive ROS and RNS to produce oxidative stress [ 57 ]. Inflammatory biomarker Hs-CRP can be used to measure the association between sdLDL and low-grade inflammation [ 55 ] and to predict long-term cardiovascular risk [ 58 ]. The apple/berry juice intervention did not significantly alter hs-CRP and the women in the monitoring group presented a low-average risk (<3 mg/L).…”