High Sensitivity Refractive Index Sensor Based on a Wet-Etched Fused Fiber Coupler

Kim, Kwang Taek; Cho, Kyu Jung; Im, Kiegon; Baik, Se-Jong; Lee, Cherl-Hee; Lee, Jong-Hun

doi:10.1109/jsen.2010.2086054

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In this section, fabrication methods of MFC and the sensing operation principle of MFC-based sensors are elaborated upon. Typically, there are three major fabrication methods to build an MFC: side polishing method [ 82 , 83 ], chemical etching method [ 34 , 84 , 85 ], and heating-and-pulling method [ 36 , 58 ]. Therein, the heating-and-pulling method has been widely used for making an MFC with the advantages of low cost, simple operation, precise control, and environmental non-toxic.…”

Section: Fabrication and Operation Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The schematics of the three structures are shown in Figure 1 . There are mainly three methods to fabricate an MFC: side polishing method [ 82 , 83 ], chemical etching method [ 34 , 84 , 85 ], and heating-and-pulling method [ 36 , 58 ]. Side polishing method is to taper the fibers by lateral grinding the fiber cladding and then putting the two polished microfibers together, to form an MFC.…”

Section: Fabrication and Operation Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…An RI variation of 4 × 10 −6 RIU has been evaluated to be a noise-equivalent level perhaps detected. In 2011, an MFC sensor was fabricated by a two-step method to realize RI sensing with a sensitivity of 1125 nm/RIU [ 34 ]. In the experiment, the diameter of the coupler is 30–35 μm after heating and pulling, then HF solution (HF 20 wt% in water) has been used to further decrease the coupler diameter.…”

Section: Sensing Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After that, numerous physical, chemical, and biosensors based on MFC have been demonstrated. Refractive index (RI) [ 25 , 28 , 29 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ], force [ 50 ], twist [ 27 , 51 ], vibration [ 52 ], and strain [ 53 ] have direct effect on the signal transmission of MFC waist region. By covering and well packaging the waist region with functional materials, monitoring of temperature [ 23 , 24 , 28 , 31 , 32 , 37 , 42 , 43 , 46 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 ], humidity [ 31 , 57 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 ], magnetic field [ 30 , 67 , 68 ,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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State-of-the-Art Optical Microfiber Coupler Sensors for Physical and Biochemical Sensing Applications

et al. 2020

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An optical fiber coupler is a simple and fundamental component for fiber optic technologies that works by reducing the fiber diameter to hundred nanometers or several micrometers. The microfiber coupler (MFC) has regained interest in optical fiber sensing in recent years. The subwavelength diameter rationales vast refractive index (RI) contrast between microfiber “core” and surrounding “cladding”, a large portion of energy transmits in the form of an evanescent wave over the fiber surface that determines the MFC ultrasensitive to local environmental changes. Consequently, MFC has the potential to develop as a sensor. With the merits of easy fabrication, low cost and compact size, numerous researches have been carried out on different microfiber coupler configurations for various sensing applications, such as refractive index (RI), temperature, humidity, magnetic field, gas, biomolecule, and so on. In this manuscript, the fabrication and operation principle of an MFC are elaborated and recent advances of MFC-based sensors for scientific and technological applications are comprehensively reviewed.

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Section: Fabrication and Operation Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fabrication and Operation Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sensing Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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State-of-the-Art Optical Microfiber Coupler Sensors for Physical and Biochemical Sensing Applications

et al. 2020

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“…In recent years, optical sensors based on microfiber directional couplers have been proposed and demonstrated to perform high sensitivity measurements in many practical applications [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. For the specific case of fiber coupler based RI sensors, these include fused biconical fibers [24]- [26], microfibers [16], [18], [27]- [30], photonic crystal fibers (PCF) [31]- [33], and specially designed two-core optical fibers [34], [35]. Most of these sensors are presented as wavelength codified and the achieved sensitivities are in the range from 1,125 to 30,100 nanometer (nm) per refractive index unit (RIU), with a detection limit in a range from 4×10 −4 to 5×10 −7 RIU, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Sensitivity Refractive Index Sensor Based on Highly Overcoupled Tapered Fiber-Optic Couplers

et al. 2017

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In this work a simple and compact fiber optic sensor based on an overcoupled tapered fiber coupler is studied. The coupler is fabricated to be operated well beyond the initial coupling cycles, where the rapid exchange of energy between outputs ports enable the fabrication of a highly sensitive device. The suitability and sensitivity of the proposed scheme is demonstrated by measuring refractive index (RI) variations of sugar concentrations in water. The device presents a linear response in terms of power transmission or wavelength shift versus RI changes. The best achieved sensitivity is 0.442 units of normalized transmission per unit of sugar concentration, with a noise detection limit of 0.003 weight percent of sugar concentration (wt %). From this result the minimum detectable RI change is estimated as 5 × 10 −6 refractive index unit (RIU). The sensor can be also wavelength-encoded, exhibiting a sensitivity of 2,171 nm/RIU, maintaining a linear response in a large range of RI. These experimental results are within the best results reported in the framework of fiber couplers and modal interferometers based RI sensors.

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Recent Progress in Microfiber-Optic Sensors

Luo

Chen

2021

Photonic Sens

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Recently, microfiber-optic sensors with high sensitivity, fast response times, and a compact size have become an area of interest that integrates fiber optics and nanotechnology. Distinct advantages of optical microfiber, such as large accessible evanescent fields and convenient configurability, provide attractive benefits for micro- and nano-scale optical sensing. Here, we review the basic principles of microfiber-optic sensors based on a broad range of microstructures, nanostructures, and functional materials. We also introduce the recent progress and state-of-the-art in this field and discuss the limitations and opportunities for future development.

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High Sensitivity Refractive Index Sensor Based on a Wet-Etched Fused Fiber Coupler

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

State-of-the-Art Optical Microfiber Coupler Sensors for Physical and Biochemical Sensing Applications

State-of-the-Art Optical Microfiber Coupler Sensors for Physical and Biochemical Sensing Applications

High Sensitivity Refractive Index Sensor Based on Highly Overcoupled Tapered Fiber-Optic Couplers

Recent Progress in Microfiber-Optic Sensors

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