High Seroconversion Rate Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Symptomatic Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients

Ruan, Wenly; Nguyen, H.N.; Wyatt, Allyson; Faith, Ihekweazu; Vartabedian, Bryan S.; Karam, Lina; Walsh, Seema M.; Kellermayer, Richárd

doi:10.1097/mpg.0000000000003211

Cited by 5 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…These results are in agreement with the observation that immunocompromised adult IBD patients with COVID-19 can develop a serologic response comparable to that of age-matched healthy controls ( 45 ). They are also in line with a recent study reporting a high rate of seroconversion (85%) in immunocompromised PIBD patients ( n = 12, median age 10 years, range 2–17 years) at a median time of 8 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection ( 46 ). Our results differ, however, from the study of Dailey et al who reported lower titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD antibodies in pediatric and young adult IBD patients ( n = 44, median age 18 years, range 11–26 years) in comparison to a control group of non-IBD children and adults ( 47 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Despite being a small monocentric study, the present work has several strengths. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the very few studies investigating the immunological response to SARS-CoV-2 and the impact of COVID-19 on IBD course in pediatric IBD patients ( 46 , 47 ). Only subjects satisfying the WHO case definition of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled in the study (both in the patient and in the control group).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protective SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

et al. 2022

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BackgroundTo date, there's no evidence of an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection or more severe COVID-19 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, whether COVID-19 alters the clinical course of IBD or whether IBD treatment affects the immunological response to SARS-CoV-2 is still under investigation, especially in children.AimTo assess the serological response to SARS-CoV-2 in children with IBD, and to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on the clinical course of IBD.Material and MethodsThis prospective study enrolled children (0–18 years) followed-up at the University Hospital of Padova for IBD, who acquired a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between 02.2020 and 02.2021. The anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG titer was evaluated at 3 months after infection and compared to that of a control group of healthy children matched for age, sex, and COVID-19 severity.ResultsTwelve children with IBD (M = 5; median age 14 years) contracted COVID-19 during the study period. 11/12 patients were under immunomodulatory treatment (4/12 steroids; 6/12 azathioprine; 3/12 anti-TNFs; 2 vedolizumab; 1 ustekinumab). SARS-CoV-2 infection remained asymptomatic in 4/12 children and caused mild COVID-19 in the remaining 8. Mean anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG S-RBD titer was similar between IBD patients and controls (27.3 ± 43.8 vs. 36.8 ± 35.3 kAU/L, p = ns). No children experienced IBD flares nor required gastroenterological support during the infection period.DiscussionChildren with IBD can mount a protective humoral response against SARS-CoV-2, which is comparable to that of their healthy peers regardless of ongoing immunomodulatory treatment. This study also supports the favorable course of PIBD during COVID-19 and vice-versa.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

et al. 2022

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“…Other studies have shown that full vaccination of two or three doses of RNA vaccine can significantly increase the level of neutralizing antibodies in the recipients, preventing the occurrence of a global pandemic amid the frequent emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 both in adults and children [45] , [48] , [108] , [109] , [110] , [111] , [112] , [113] . Robust clinical data also confirmed that the COVID-19 vaccine is safe in children with specific diseases, including congenital immunodeficiency, congenital heart disease, pediatric inflammatory bowel disease and allergy [114] , [115] , [116] , [117] , [118] , [119] , [120] , [121] , [122] . Given that some parents are still hesitant about vaccine safety, reducing the single-dose volume of vaccines for children and extending the vaccination interval has been proven to reduce the occurrence of adverse events, which is expected to become the vaccination strategy for children in the future [111] , [123] , [124] .…”

Section: Why Children Should Be Vaccinated Against Covid-19?mentioning

confidence: 74%

A systematic review of current status and challenges of vaccinating children against SARS-CoV-2

Zhang¹,

Zhang²,

Liang³

et al. 2022

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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“…Some studies seem to indicate that IBD pediatric patients are generally able to develop a significant humoral immune response against SARS-CoV-2 and that in most of the cases this is quite similar to that detected in healthy individuals of the same age, regardless of disease activity and immunosuppressive therapy. In the study by Ruan et al seroconversion was tested in 12 subjects aged 2-17 years treated with various immunosuppressive drugs between 2.1 and 18.9 weeks (median 8.1 weeks) after initial positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR (53). The IgG antibody against the RBD of the S protein was detected in 10 (83.3%) children.…”

Section: Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the study by Ruan et al. seroconversion was tested in 12 subjects aged 2-17 years treated with various immunosuppressive drugs between 2.1 and 18.9 weeks (median 8.1 weeks) after initial positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR ( 53 ). The IgG antibody against the RBD of the S protein was detected in 10 (83.3%) children.…”

Section: Immune Response Of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Risks of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Immune Response to COVID-19 Vaccines in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Evidence

Esposito

Caminiti

Giordano³

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, and unclassified inflammatory bowel disease, are a group of chronic, immune mediated conditions that are presumed to occur in genetically susceptible individuals because of a dysregulated intestinal immune response to environmental factors. IBD patients can be considered subjects with an aberrant immune response that makes them at increased risk of infections, particularly those due to opportunistic pathogens. In many cases this risk is significantly increased by the therapy they receive. Aim of this narrative review is to describe the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with IBD. Available data indicate that patients with IBD do not have an increased susceptibility to infection with SARS-CoV-2 and that, if infected, in the majority of the cases they must not modify the therapy in place because this does not negatively affect the COVID-19 course. Only corticosteroids should be reduced or suspended due to the risk of causing severe forms. Furthermore, COVID-19 seems to modify the course of IBD mainly due to the impact on intestinal disease of the psychological factors deriving from the measures implemented to deal with the pandemic. The data relating to the immune response induced by SARS-CoV-2 or by COVID-19 vaccines can be considered much less definitive. It seems certain that the immune response to disease and vaccines is not substantially different from that seen in healthy subjects, with the exception of patients treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor alone or in combination with other immunosuppressants who showed a reduced immune response. How much, however, this problem reduces induced protection is not known. Moreover, the impact of SARS-CoV-2 variants on IBD course and immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccines has not been studied and deserves attention. Further studies capable of facing and solving unanswered questions are needed in order to adequately protect IBD patients from the risks associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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High Seroconversion Rate Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Symptomatic Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Protective SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Protective SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

A systematic review of current status and challenges of vaccinating children against SARS-CoV-2

Risks of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Immune Response to COVID-19 Vaccines in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Evidence

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