High-speed interrogation system of multi-encoding weak FBGs based on FDML wavelength swept laser

Liu, Quan; Wang, Yiming; Li, Zhengying; Shen, Peng; Hou, Yarong; Wang, Honghai; Liang, Lei

doi:10.1016/j.optlastec.2018.05.029

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The FDML provides high sweep rates exceeding several tens of kHz, which enables it to be used as an optical source for the fastest OCT systems. Owing to their excellent performance, there has been considerable interest in the use of FDML lasers in various applications such as compressed pulse generation [3], optical absorption spectroscopy [4], and optical fiber sensing [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…T. Yamaguchi and Y. Shinoda are with the Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Several studies have focused on measurements of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors by introducing FDML lasers [5][6][7][8]. Various optical fiber-sensing methods, such as through the use of interferometers, optical combs, spectroscopy, and laser modulation, have been proposed to improve the measurement performance [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, using FDML lasers with high sweep rates for measurements could potentially enable novel types of FBG interrogation systems capable of multipoint sensing above several tens of kHz. Although high-speed measurements of FBGs have been widely demonstrated in previous studies [5][6][7][8], few studies have focused on signal processing systems for real-time measurements. Thus, we developed a real-time interrogation system based on a fieldprogrammable gate array (FPGA) for high-speed digital signal processing [28][29][30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Speed Interrogation System for Fiber Bragg Gratings With Buffered Fourier Domain Mode-Locked Laser

2021

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We develop a high-speed interrogation system with a wavelength-swept laser for sensing multiplexed fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). High-speed and multipoint sensing is achieved by means of a buffered Fourier domain mode-locked (FDML) laser, a recently proposed high-speed wavelength-swept laser. This laser increases the measurement rate several times by tailoring the laser output with a buffer stage. The developed buffered FDML laser successfully achieves a measurement rate of 202.8 kHz using a general FDML laser driven at a sweep rate of 50.7 kHz. In order to detect reflection signals of FBGs at the high measurement rate, the measurement system introduces digital signal processing using a field programmable gate array (FPGA). However, FBG measurements with wavelength-swept lasers are affected by the propagation time (delay) in the optical fiber connecting from the laser to the FBG sensor, which reduces measurement accuracy. To overcome this limitation, the developed system uses a delay correction method with bidirectional sweep of the buffered FDML laser. The interrogation system with the buffered FDML laser achieves a time resolution of 4.9 µs without being affected by the delay.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Speed Interrogation System for Fiber Bragg Gratings With Buffered Fourier Domain Mode-Locked Laser

2021

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“…Taking advantage of the FDML laser, research on high-speed FBG interrogation has demonstrated measurement rates of several tens of kHz [16]- [20]. For further improving the multiplexing capabilities, an approach based on low-reflectance FBGs has been proposed [21]. Several recent studies have focused on improving the performance by introducing optical approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field-Programmable Gate Array-Based Multichannel Measurement System for Interrogating Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors

2019

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We develop a field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based multichannel measurement system for sensing multiplexed fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), using a high-speed wavelength-swept laser. The wavelength-swept laser, operated with Fourier-domain mode locking (FDML), exhibits a sweep frequency of 50.7 kHz and sweep band of ∼60 nm. A breakthrough in multichannel and real-time measurement is achieved by implementing an FPGA with unique parallel-processing circuits. This FPGA enables the implementation of a high-speed centroid-peakdetection circuit for FBG detection, which can be operated with a sampling frequency of 250 MHz. In multichannel measurement systems, the light propagating through each sensor path produces a delay, which reduces the measurement accuracy. This can be solved by implementing a delay-correction technique, which utilizes the time difference between two spectra obtained by a bidirectional scan of the FDML laser. The system is demonstrated to exhibit multichannel sensing and high measurement time resolution of 9.9 µs, without being affected by the delay.

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“…By sweeping the wavelength of the wavelength-swept laser, the interrogation system encodes and measures the change of the reflection wavelength of the FBG into the change of the reflection time. Various high-speed wavelength-swept lasers have been proposed to improve measurement rate in the interrogation system; in particular, interrogation systems using Fourier domain mode locked (FDML) lasers have been demonstrated to achieve high-speed measurement rates exceeding several tens of kHz [22]- [27]. Conversely, when using high-speed wavelength-swept lasers, the system needs to consider the effects of delay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrogation System With Automatic Recognition and Delay Correction Functions of Fiber Bragg Gratings by Pulse Modulation With Wavelength-Swept Laser

2019

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We propose an interrogation-system with automatic recognition and delay correction functions of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) by pulse modulation with a wavelength-swept laser. By pulse-modulating the light of a wavelength-swept laser, light with an arbitrary wavelength bandwidth can be extracted as the pulsed light. In the automatic recognition function of FBGs, the pulsed light is sequentially controlled to match the wavelength bandwidth of each FBG. This recognition method enables the selection and detection of a reflection signal from a single FBG. Therefore, reflection signals from multiple FBGs can be recognized individually. When multiple FBGs are installed at long distances, the reflection signal of each FBG is affected by the propagation time (delay). In the interrogation system with the wavelength-swept laser, the delay lowers the measurement accuracy. Therefore, a delay correction function using bidirectional sweeping of the wavelength-swept laser is used. The wavelength-swept laser using Fourier domain mode locking (FDML) is driven at a sweep frequency of 50.7 kHz with a sweep bandwidth of ∼60 nm. This study demonstrates that pulse-modulated FDML laser can automatically recognize reflection signals from multiple FBGs installed at arbitrary long distances. When the recognition process is complete, the interrogation system can perform real-time measurement with a time resolution of 9.9 µs, without being affected by delay that occurs when installing at a long distance.

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High-speed interrogation system of multi-encoding weak FBGs based on FDML wavelength swept laser

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

High-Speed Interrogation System for Fiber Bragg Gratings With Buffered Fourier Domain Mode-Locked Laser

High-Speed Interrogation System for Fiber Bragg Gratings With Buffered Fourier Domain Mode-Locked Laser

Field-Programmable Gate Array-Based Multichannel Measurement System for Interrogating Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors

Interrogation System With Automatic Recognition and Delay Correction Functions of Fiber Bragg Gratings by Pulse Modulation With Wavelength-Swept Laser

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