High Stakes in the Classroom, High Stakes on the Street: The Effects of Community Violence on Student’s Standardized Test Performance

Sharkey, Patrick; Schwartz, Amy Ellen; Ellen, Ingrid Gould; Lacoe, Johanna

doi:10.15195/v1.a14

Cited by 130 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Community‐level factors, such as collective efficacy (Sampson, Morenoff, and Gannon‐Rowley ), crime (Burdick‐Will ; Harding ; Sharkey ; Sharkey et al. ), and social networks (Smith ), have also been shown to shape individual‐level outcomes. Indeed, numerous studies demonstrate that neighborhoods matter a great deal for individual life‐chances (Ellen and Turner ; Ludwig et al.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Neighborhood Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling the Effects of Race and Place in Economic Transactions: Findings from an Online Field Experiment

2019

Self Cite

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Scholarship on discrimination consistently shows that non‐Whites are at a disadvantage in obtaining goods and services relative to Whites. To a lesser extent, recent work has asked whether or not place of residence may also affect individuals’ chances in economic markets. In this study, we use a field experiment in an online market for second‐hand goods to examine transactional opportunities for White, Black, Asian, and Latino residents of both advantaged and disadvantaged neighborhoods. Our results show that sellers prefer transactional partners who live in advantaged neighborhoods to those who live in neighborhoods that are majority non‐White and have higher rates of poverty. This was true across all four racial/ethnic groups, revealing that neighborhood stigma exists independently of racial stigma. We discuss the implications for scholarship on neighborhood effects and we outline how future research using experiments can leverage various types of markets to better specify when characteristics like race trigger discrimination.

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Section: Mechanisms Of Neighborhood Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling the Effects of Race and Place in Economic Transactions: Findings from an Online Field Experiment

2019

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“…Grogger studies how local violence, defined as a combination of school violence and neighborhood violence, negatively affects educational attainment. Sharkey (2010) and Sharkey et al (2014) identify the negative effects of exposure to a local violent crime on the cognitive performance of children.…”

Section: Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of High School Shootings on Schools and Student Performance

Beland

Kim

2016

Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis

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ExtrEmE violence between students in high schools may hinder students from learning efficiently. Deadly school shootings have a potentially large effect on students and schools. These incidents can affect students' decision about whether to stay at their school, affect their cognitive skills, and influence their behavior at school. Despite the fact that school shootings receive widespread media attention, the educational consequences of deadly school shootings on enrollment and student performance are not well known.We address three questions related to the consequences of homicidal and suicidal high school shootings. First, we address whether enrollment patterns change after shootings, which would likely be the result of school selection by students and parents, or students dropping out of the school system in response to the shooting. Second, we examine whether deadly shootings lower test scores in schools in subsequent years, which helps to establish medium-term trauma effects. Third, we look at the effects of deadly shootings on a range of behavioral variables such as graduation, attendance, and suspension rates.We estimate the impact of deadly high school shootings by using a difference-in-differences strategy, comparing schools that had fatal shootings with other high schools in the same district that did not experience such shootings. To estimate this, we merge an existing database of fatal shootings with the high-school-level Common Core of Data (CCD) and school report cards to form a panel of schools. Because we compare schools within the same district, our comparison group exhibits an environment similar to our group of interest aside from the turmoil generated by the shooting. Our empirical strategy relies on the assumption that these deadly school shooting incidents are exogenous in their timing.We find that enrollment in Grade 9 (the high school entrance grade) drops following a deadly shooting, though we do not observe enrollment

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“…Aaronson, 1998;Crowder & Teachman, 2004;Galster et al, 2007;Jargowsky & El Komi, 2011), as a recent meta-analysis of the international literature concludes (Niewenhuis & Hooimeijer, 2014). 5 One particular aspect associated with concentrated disadvantage, exposure to violence, creates incontrovertible mental and physical harms to children that are manifested in degraded intellectual development and educational performance (Sharkey et al, 2012(Sharkey et al, , 2014.…”

Section: Econometric Models Based On Observational Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dialectic of Neighborhood Social Mix: Editors' Introduction to the Special Issue

Galster

Friedrichs

2015

Housing Studies

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High Stakes in the Classroom, High Stakes on the Street: The Effects of Community Violence on Student’s Standardized Test Performance

Cited by 130 publications

References 33 publications

Disentangling the Effects of Race and Place in Economic Transactions: Findings from an Online Field Experiment

Disentangling the Effects of Race and Place in Economic Transactions: Findings from an Online Field Experiment

The Effect of High School Shootings on Schools and Student Performance

The Dialectic of Neighborhood Social Mix: Editors' Introduction to the Special Issue

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