High-strength and high-toughness alkali-activated composite materials: Optimizing mechanical properties through synergistic utilization of steel slag, ground granulated blast furnace slag, and fly ash

Lin, Jia-Xiang; Liu, Run-An; Liu, Liu-Yi; Zhuo, Kai-Yuan; Chen, Zhan-Biao; Guo, Yong-Chang

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.135811

Cited by 16 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…However, the production of ECC typically requires 2 to 3 times more cement than traditional concrete [21]. Given that cement manufacturing is a process with high energy consumption and high carbon dioxide emissions [22], using non-clinker cements (such as geopolymers) to produce EGC represents a promising alternative [23][24][25][26][27][28]. Studies show that compared to the production of ECC, the production of fly ash-based EGC reduces energy consumption by about 60% and carbon dioxide emissions by about 80% [29,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of the Bond Performance at the Interface between Engineered Geopolymer Composites and Existing Concrete

Li,

Tan,

Ouyang

et al. 2024

Buildings

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Engineered geopolymer composite (EGC) exhibits ultra-high toughness, excellent crack control capability, and superior durability, making it highly promising for applications in bridge connecting slabs, wet joints of prefabricated components, and concrete structure reinforcement. However, the bond performance and failure mechanisms at the interface between EGC and existing concrete remain unclear. To elucidate the bond performance of EGC to existing concrete, direct shear tests were conducted on 15 sets of EGC–existing concrete bond specimens. This study explored the effects of existing concrete strength, interface roughness, and EGC strength on the bond performance and mechanisms. Additionally, a direct shear bond mechanical model was established to predict the interface bond strength. The results indicate that, with comparable compressive strength, the preparation of EGC can reduce the total carbon emissions by up to 127% compared to ECC. The failure mode of EGC-existing concrete bond specimens was mainly adhesive failure (except for specimen C30-III-G95), which can be categorized into serrated interfacial failure and alternating crack paths. The change in interface roughness was the primary factor leading to the transition between failure paths. The changes in interface roughness and EGC strength significantly influenced the bond performance. Under their combined effect, the interface bond strength of specimen C50-III-G95 increased by 345% compared to C50-I-G45. In contrast, the improvement in existing concrete strength had a relatively smaller effect on the increase in interface bond strength. Based on the experimental results and the bonding mechanism under direct shear stress, a direct shear bond mechanical model correlating existing concrete strength, interface roughness, and EGC strength was established. The model predictions showed good consistency with the experimental results. This study provides theoretical support and experimental data for the engineering application of EGC.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of the Bond Performance at the Interface between Engineered Geopolymer Composites and Existing Concrete

Li,

Tan,

Ouyang

et al. 2024

Buildings

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“…In exploring the concepts of HDC and AAMs, researchers have developed a range of high-ductility alkali-activated composites (HDAAC), also called strain-hardening AAC (SHAAC), and scrutinized their mechanical properties [23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Kumar, Sekhar Das, Lao, Alrefaei, and Dai [23] experimentally revealed a direct correlation between the interfacial tensile bonding strength of HDAAC and the S/B ratio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compressive and Tensile Behavior of High-Ductility Alkali-Activated Composites with Polyethylene Terephthalate Powder

Meng,

Luo,

Sun

et al. 2024

Buildings

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Researchers have been engaged in the study of high-ductility concrete (HDC) due to its excellent ductility and cracking control ability. This study combines the concepts of HDC and alkali-activated composites (AAC) to develop high-ductility alkali-activated composites (HDAAC) using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) powder. Experimental investigations were conducted to assess the compressive and tensile properties of HDAAC, focusing on the impact of varying PET powder content (0%, 15%, 30%, and 45%) and fly ash/slag ratios (FA/GGBS, 6:4, 7:3, and 8:2). The results indicated that the compressive strength of HDAAC ranged from approximately 30 MPa to about 100 MPa, with the specimens maintaining good integrity after axial compression failure due to the bridging action of PE fibers. The replacement of quartz powder (QP) with PET powder slightly decreased the compressive strength and elastic modulus of HDAAC, albeit mitigating its brittleness under compression. An increase in GGBS content enhanced the compressive strength and elastic modulus of HDAAC due to the increased formation of the C-A-S-H reaction products, leading to reduced porosity and a denser microstructure. Under axial tension, HDAAC exhibited typical multiple-cracking behavior with significant pseudo-strain hardening. Increases in the PET content and FA/GGBS ratio resulted in finer cracks, indicating excellent crack control and deformation capabilities. The initial cracking strength, tensile strength, and ultimate tensile strain ranged from 3.0 MPa to 4.6 MPa, 4.2 MPa to 8.2 MPa, and 4.1% to 7.2%, respectively. Despite a decrease in the initial cracking strength and tensile strength with higher PET content, the ultimate tensile strain of HDAAC slightly increased. Observations under a scanning electron microscope revealed a distinct interfacial transition zone near the PET powder, leading to poor bonding with the alkali-activated matrix. In contrast, QP dissolved on the surface in highly alkaline environments, forming better interface properties. These variations in interface properties can be used to interpret the variations in the mechanical performance of HDAAC.

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Pseudo strain-hardening alkali-activated composites with up to 100 % rubber aggregate: Static mechanical properties analysis and constitutive model development

Yang,

Pan,

Jiang

et al. 2024

Construction and Building Materials

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High-strength and high-toughness alkali-activated composite materials: Optimizing mechanical properties through synergistic utilization of steel slag, ground granulated blast furnace slag, and fly ash

Cited by 16 publications

References 54 publications

Experimental Investigation of the Bond Performance at the Interface between Engineered Geopolymer Composites and Existing Concrete

Experimental Investigation of the Bond Performance at the Interface between Engineered Geopolymer Composites and Existing Concrete

Compressive and Tensile Behavior of High-Ductility Alkali-Activated Composites with Polyethylene Terephthalate Powder

Pseudo strain-hardening alkali-activated composites with up to 100 % rubber aggregate: Static mechanical properties analysis and constitutive model development

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High-strength and high-toughness alkali-activated composite materials: Optimizing mechanical properties through synergistic utilization of steel slag, ground granulated blast furnace slag, and fly ash

Cited by 16 publications

References 54 publications

Experimental Investigation of the Bond Performance at the Interface between Engineered Geopolymer Composites and Existing Concrete

Experimental Investigation of the Bond Performance at the Interface between Engineered Geopolymer Composites and Existing Concrete

Compressive and Tensile Behavior of High-Ductility Alkali-Activated Composites with Polyethylene Terephthalate Powder

Pseudo strain-hardening alkali-activated composites with up to 100 % rubber aggregate: Static mechanical properties analysis and constitutive model development

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Pseudo strain-hardening alkali-activated composites with up to 100 % rubber aggregate: Static mechanical properties analysis and constitutive model development