High Strength and Toughness Polymeric Triboelectric Materials Enabled by Dense Crystal-Domain Cross-Linking

Abstract

Lightweight, easily processed, and durable polymeric materials play a crucial role in wearable sensor devices. However, achieving simultaneously high strength and toughness remains a challenge. This study addresses this by utilizing an ion-specific effect to control crystalline domains, enabling the fabrication of a polymeric triboelectric material with tunable mechanical properties. The dense crystal-domain cross-linking enhances energy dissipation, resulting in a material boasting both high tensile strength (58.0 MPa) and toughness (198.8 MJ m −3 ), alongside a remarkable 416.7% fracture elongation and 545.0 MPa modulus. Leveraging these properties, the material is successfully integrated into wearable self-powered devices, enabling real-time feedback on human joint movement. This work presents a valuable strategy for overcoming the strength-toughness trade-off in polymeric materials, paving the way for their enhanced applicability and broader use in diverse sensing applications.

Smart Lanceolate Surface with Fast Fog-Digesting Performance for Triboelectric Energy Harvesting

“…Water harbors significant energy reserves in diverse forms, serving as a sustainable energy reservoir. − Hydropower, for instance, generates approximately 16% of the world’s total annual electricity, playing an indispensable role in communication, industrial production, transportation, and other sectors. − However, traditional hydropower relies on rivers and waves to provide potential energy, is heavily dependent on topography and water resources, and is expensive to build, − making it unsuitable for arid and remote areas without surface water. Fog, an alternate manifestation of water, pervades the atmosphere extensively yet remains an underutilized natural asset. , Harnessing energy from fogwater presents substantial advantages.…”

Directional Moisture-Wicking Triboelectric Materials Enabled by Laplace Pressure Differences

“…The contact areas for triboelectric generation further increase, and the open circuit voltage increases accordingly to Δ V 2 . Under conditions of 1 Hz and 30 kPa, the sensors exhibited response and recovery times of 29.1 and 37.0 ms, respectively, enabling prompt stress feedback within a short time frame (Figure c). , The sensitivity of the sensor reflects the performance of the sensor. The sensitivity of the triboelectric sensor is calculated by the following eq : In eq , ΔV is the relative change of the output voltage, V 0 is the initial voltage, and P is the applied pressure.…”

Phase-Directed Assembly of Triboelectric Nanopaper for Self-Powered Noncontact Sensing

“…Noncontact triboelectric sensing technology will drive a paradigm shift in the IoT ecology, enabling real-time monitoring of wearable sensors in harsh or resource-constrained environments . However, the issue of signal accuracy and stability arising from complex operating environments has also emerged. − Among them, temperature interference restricts the potential applications of noncontact sensing in extreme environments. Elevated temperatures lead to the dissipation of triboelectric charges, thereby decreasing the sensitivity and stability of the sensor .…”