Abstract:Unbonded flexible pipelines for deep water field applications are subject to elevated hydrostatic constraints; bore pressure being dropped brings high compressive stresses due to reverse end cap effect. If the external sheath is unsealed, the axial compression loads transmitted to the tensile armors induce their radial expansion, which can lead to their buckling. Specific layers shall be added in order to maintain armors in place: anti-buckling tapes. These layers, designed with high performance fibers, have b… Show more
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