High surface area biochar negatively impacts herbicide efficacy

Graber, Ellen R.; Tsechansky, Ludmila; Gerstl, Z.; Lew, Beni

doi:10.1007/s11104-011-1012-7

Cited by 132 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…For example, Dumroese et al [14] found that peat moss amended with biochar pellets showed improved hydraulic water conductivity and water availability, and Graber et al [15] found that a potting mix amended with biochar enhanced tomato and pepper plant growth. Moreover, greenhouse applications present important advantages over field applications; for instance, avoiding the issues of reduced herbicide efficacy that may occur with field applications [16][17][18]. In addition, daily greenhouse watering may help to further capitalize on biochar's nutrient adsorption properties, as an environment of alternating saturated and unsaturated conditions has been shown to enhance the CEC of wood-derived biochars [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar as a Substitute for Vermiculite in Potting Mix for Hybrid Poplar

2013

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate biochar as a substitute for vermiculite in potting mixes for unrooted vegetative cuttings of hybrid poplar as represented by the clone 'NM6' (Populus nigra L. × Populus suaveolens Fischer subsp. maximowiczii A. Henry). We compared three treatments (peat moss (control), peat moss mixed with vermiculite, and peat moss mixed with biochar) at three times (pre-experiment, pre-fertilizer, and post-fertilizer). The biochar and vermiculite mixes had significantly higher cation exchange capacity (CEC) and pre-experiment exchangeable K than the control. Trees grown in the biochar and vermiculite mixes had significantly higher shoot K than the control at pre-fertilizer and post-fertilizer and significantly higher shoot and total biomass at post-fertilizer. The biochar mix was also associated with lower root biomass and higher shoot/root biomass ratio than the vermiculite mix at postfertilizer. Vector analysis indicated that all treatments were deficient in N at pre-fertilizer, and the control was also deficient in K at pre-fertilizer and post-fertilizer. Linear regression confirmed that shoot biomass was strongly correlated (R 2 =0.97) with N and K uptake (in addition to initial cutting diameter), also, root biomass was strongly correlated (R 2 =0.96) with potting mix CEC (in addition to shoot biomass). Luxury consumption of K at pre-fertilizer indicates that the increases in shoot and total biomass observed with the biochar and vermiculite treatments arise from this nutrient being "pre-loaded" in both mixes. We conclude that biochar provides benefits equivalent to vermiculite in terms of key nutrient availability and total biomass productivity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar as a Substitute for Vermiculite in Potting Mix for Hybrid Poplar

2013

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“…In addition, biochar at high rates may increase soil water retention capacity [3]. Although biochar can increase soil fertility, it may also influence weed seedling emergence and the efficacy of soil-applied herbicides as the application of biochar decreases soil bulk density and increases organic matter [2,4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such information, however, is not available on rice weeds. In addition, the use of biochar may have either positive or negative impacts on weed management [4]. Strong adsorption of herbicides on biochar, for example, may decrease the efficacy of a soil-applied herbicide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice Husk Biochar Influences Seedling Emergence of Junglerice (<i>Echinochloa colona</i>) and Herbicide Efficacy

Chauhan¹

2013

AJPS

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The use of carbonized rice husk biochar improves the fertility and productivity of poor soils in rice-based cropping systems. However, biochar may also influence weed seedling emergence and the efficacy of soil-applied herbicides. Experiments were conducted in a screenhouse to evaluate the effect of biochar rates (0, 20, 40, and 80 t·ha ) and seed burial depth (0, 1, and 2 cm) on seedling emergence of junglerice (Echinochloa colona) and the effect of biochar rates and pendimethalin (0, 500, 1000, and 1500 g·a.i.·ha ) and pretilachlor doses (0, 300, 600, and 900 g·a.i.·ha ) on seedling emergence and seedling biomass of junglerice. Data were analyzed using nonlinear regression. The burial depth to inhibit 50% of maximum seedling emergence was 0.76 cm when biochar was not added to soil and the depth increased with an increase in biochar rates for soil. Similarly, compared with the soil with no biochar, the use of bichoar increased the pretilachlor dose to inhibit 50% of maximum emergence or biomass. The pretilachlor dose to inhibit 50% of maximum biomass of junglerice was 100, 130, 240, and 240 g·ha −1 when biochar was added at 0, 20, 40, and 80 t·ha −1 . However, the efficacy of pendimethalin was not influenced by biochar rate. The results of this study suggest that rice husk biochar may increase weed seedling emergence from deeper burial depths and may decrease the efficacy of some soil-applied herbicides.

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“…Markedly reduced efficacy (up to 60%) was also noted for two preemergent herbicides, thiobencarb (S-4-chlorobenzyl diethyl (thiocarbamate) and molinate (S-ethyl azepane-1-carbothioate), when these herbicides were applied over rice stubble ash (Toth et al 1981). Several studies have since confirmed reductions in the efficacy of pesticides in the presence of combustion residues in soil (Yang et al 2006;Xu et al 2008;Nag et al 2011;Graber et al 2012). Yang et al (2006) observed that even doubling the application rate of diuron failed to control weed growth in the presence of 0.5% of wheat char in soil.…”

Section: Impacts Of Biochar On Herbicide Efficacy and Options To Mitimentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Yang et al (2006) observed that even doubling the application rate of diuron failed to control weed growth in the presence of 0.5% of wheat char in soil. More recently, Graber et al (2012) noted that although weed control and herbicide efficacy were hindered in the presence of biochars, the effect depended upon the specific surface area (SSA) of biochars, with higher SSA biochar resulting in poorer weed control. The above laboratory studies indicate that there may be agronomic and/ or economic implications, in terms of increased input cost of pesticides to the grower, if herbicide application rates need to be adjusted for biochar-amended soils.…”

Section: Impacts Of Biochar On Herbicide Efficacy and Options To Mitimentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities and constraints for biochar technology in Australian agriculture: looking beyond carbon sequestration

et al. 2014

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Abstract. The application of biochar technology for soil amendment is largely based on evidence about soil fertility and crop productivity gains made in the Amazonian Black Earth (terra preta). However, the uncertainty of production gains at realistic application rates of biochars and lack of knowledge about other benefits and other concerns may have resulted in poor uptake of biochar technology in Australia so far. In this review, we identify important opportunities as well as challenges in the adoption of biochar technology for broadacre farming and other sectors in Australia. The paper highlights that for biochar technology to be cost-effective and successful, we need to look beyond carbon sequestration and explore other opportunities to value-add to biochar. Therefore, some emerging and novel applications of biochar are identified. We also suggest some priority research areas that need immediate attention in order to realise the full potential of biochar technology in agriculture and other sectors in Australia.

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High surface area biochar negatively impacts herbicide efficacy

Cited by 132 publications

References 61 publications

Biochar as a Substitute for Vermiculite in Potting Mix for Hybrid Poplar

Biochar as a Substitute for Vermiculite in Potting Mix for Hybrid Poplar

Rice Husk Biochar Influences Seedling Emergence of Junglerice (<i>Echinochloa colona</i>) and Herbicide Efficacy

Opportunities and constraints for biochar technology in Australian agriculture: looking beyond carbon sequestration

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High surface area biochar negatively impacts herbicide efficacy

Cited by 132 publications

References 61 publications

Biochar as a Substitute for Vermiculite in Potting Mix for Hybrid Poplar

Biochar as a Substitute for Vermiculite in Potting Mix for Hybrid Poplar

Rice Husk Biochar Influences Seedling Emergence of Junglerice (&lt;i&gt;Echinochloa colona&lt;/i&gt;) and Herbicide Efficacy

Opportunities and constraints for biochar technology in Australian agriculture: looking beyond carbon sequestration

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Rice Husk Biochar Influences Seedling Emergence of Junglerice (<i>Echinochloa colona</i>) and Herbicide Efficacy