High Surface Area Networks from Tetrahedral Monomers: Metal-Catalyzed Coupling, Thermal Polymerization, and “Click” Chemistry

Holst, James R.; Stöckel, Ev; Adams, Dave J.; Cooper, Andrew I.

doi:10.1021/ma101677t

Cited by 210 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…21 A large variety of functional groups and polymerization schemes have been described to enable the synthesis of such extended polymer networks with high permanent porosity. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Functionalized tetraphenylmethanes have been frequently used as tectons, yielding porous polymer networks with sometimes exceptionally high surface areas 19,31,32 For example, the reaction of tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)methane with terephthaldehyde resulted in the formation of a three-dimensional polyimine network with permanent microporosity. Noteworthy, even a periodic covalent organic framework is formed from this approach.…”

Section: N-heterocyclic Carbenes (Nhcs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A polymer analogous reaction for the formation of imidazolium and NHC based porous polymer networks

et al. 2013

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A polymer analogous reaction was carried out to generate a porous polymeric network with N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) in the polymer backbone. Using a stepwise approach, first a polyimine network is formed by polymerization of the tetrafunctional amine tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)methane. This polyimine network is converted in the second step into polyimidazolium chloride and finally to a polyNHC network.Furthermore a porous Cu(II)-coordinated polyNHC network can be generated. Supercritical drying generates polymer networks with high permanent surface areas and porosities which can be applied for different catalytic reactions. The catalytic properties were demonstrated for example in the activation of CO 2 or in the deoxygenation of sulfoxides to the corresponding sulfides.

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Section: N-heterocyclic Carbenes (Nhcs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A polymer analogous reaction for the formation of imidazolium and NHC based porous polymer networks

et al. 2013

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“…[17][18][19] The use of rigid or stereocontorted monomers as building blocks, especially tetrahedral monomers, is an efficient means by which to design porous polymers with large specific surface areas. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26] Common tetrahedral monomers mainly include carbon-centered and silicon-centered compounds. Compared with carbon analogues, silicon-centered monomers exhibit greater flexibility because of the longer bond length and larger bond angle of silicon and the lower conformational rigidity of silicon-centered units, which may affect the strain and hence supramolecular geometry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of Hybrid Porous Materials from Cubic Octavinylsilsesquioxane through Friedel–Crafts Reaction Using Tetraphenylsilane as a Concentrative Crosslinker

Yang

Wang

et al. 2014

Eur J Inorg Chem

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A series of novel hybrid porous polymers (HPPs), derived from cubic octavinylsilsesquioxane (OVS; [(C2H3SiO1.5)8]) and tetraphenylsilane (TPS), were successfully synthesized through Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction. The porosities of the HPPs could be tuned by modulating the molar ratio of OVS and TPS. The HPPs showed high porosity, with Brunauer–Emmett–Teller specific surface areas of 518–989 m2 g–1, and total pore volumes of 0.35–0.76 cm3 g–1, as well as narrow pore‐size distributions. For gas sorption application, HPP‐5 possessed a hydrogen uptake of 0.80 wt.‐% at 760 Torr/77 K and a carbon dioxide uptake of 3.31 wt.‐% at 760 Torr/298 K.

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“…Furthermore, by replacing tetrakis(4-bromophenyl)methane with 1,3,5,7-tetrakis(4-bromophenyl)adamantine (TBPA), Cooper group [157] and Zhou group [158] synthesized a microporous polymer with the BET surface area of 3,180 m 2 g −1 (network 3) and 2,840 m 2 g −1 (PPN-3), respectively. At 298 K/1.13 bar, network 3 exhibits the CO 2 uptake of 7.59 wt%, which is higher than that reported for PAF-1(4.8 wt%, 298 K/1 atm) [159], despite having a lower surface area.…”

Section: Conjugated Microporous Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microporous Organic Polymers for Carbon Dioxide Capture

Luo

Tan

2014

Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology

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Microporous organic polymers (MOPs) are a unique class of porous materials consisting solely of the light elements (C, H, O, N, etc.). A series of vivid characteristics of MOPs, such as high-specific surface area, good physicochemical stability, diverse pore dimensions, topologies, and chemical functionalities, make them suitable adsorbents for CO 2 capture. In this chapter, MOPs are categorized into four classes according to the types of organic reactions and the chemical structures of the resulting materials: hypercrosslinked polymers (HCPs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs), and conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs). For each type of the polymer network, the state-of-the-art development in the design, synthesis, characterization, and the CO 2 sorption performance is reviewed. Strategies for controlling CO 2 uptake capacity and adsorption enthalpy via manipulation of surface area, pore size, and functionality are discussed in detail. These studies would open up many new possibilities for the development of the novel solid sorbents targeting the CO 2 capture process. It is expected that this chapter will not only summarize the main research activities in this field, but also find possible links between basic studies and practical applications. Abbreviations ACMPAcetylene gas mediated conjugated microporous polymers BA Benzyl alcohol BC Benzyl chloride BCMA 9,10-Bis(chloromethyl)anthracene

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High Surface Area Networks from Tetrahedral Monomers: Metal-Catalyzed Coupling, Thermal Polymerization, and “Click” Chemistry

Cited by 210 publications

References 61 publications

A polymer analogous reaction for the formation of imidazolium and NHC based porous polymer networks

A polymer analogous reaction for the formation of imidazolium and NHC based porous polymer networks

Construction of Hybrid Porous Materials from Cubic Octavinylsilsesquioxane through Friedel–Crafts Reaction Using Tetraphenylsilane as a Concentrative Crosslinker

Microporous Organic Polymers for Carbon Dioxide Capture

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