A kind of brand-new robot, quantum robot, is proposed through fusing quantum theory with robot technology. Quantum robot is essentially a complex quantum system and it is generally composed of three fundamental parts: MQCU (multi quantum computing units), quantum controller/actuator, and information acquisition units. Corresponding to the system structure, several learning control algorithms including quantum searching algorithm and quantum reinforcement learning are presented for quantum robot. The theoretic results show that quantum robot can reduce the complexity of O( 2 N ) in traditional robot to O( N N ) using quantum searching algorithm, and the simulation results demonstrate that quantum robot is also superior to traditional robot in efficient learning by novel quantum reinforcement learning algorithm.Considering the advantages of quantum robot, its some potential important applications are also analyzed and prospected.
IntroductionThe naissance of robots and the establishment of robotics is one of the most important achievements in science and technology field in the 20 th century [1][2][3]. With the advancement of technology [4][5][6][7][8], robots are serving the community in many aspects, such as industry production, military affairs, national defence, medicinal treatment and sanitation, navigation and spaceflight, public security, and so on. Moreover, some new-type robots such as nanorobot, biorobot and medicinal robot also come to our world through fusing nanotechnology, biology and medicinal engineering into robot technology.As viewed from the development tide of robots, intelligentization and micromation are two important directions. The key of intelligentization lies in improving the performance of sensors and increasing the speed of learning and behavior decision, and ceaseless micromation will consequentially bring on the occurrence of quantum effect. So many difficulties must be solved from some new angles.On the other hand, as one of the most resplendent achievements in the 20 th century, quantum theory is more rapidly developing. Especially, many results of quantum information technology have shown that quantum computer can effectively increase efficiency for solving some important classical problems and it even can solve some hard problems that classical computer can't solve; quantum communication can realize high-precision secrecy communication and increase capacity of channel [9]. So manipulation of quantum systems and applications of quantum effect become a most important research point for many scientists. Here, we consider the fusion of quantum theory and robot technology, and use quantum system to construct a new-type robot-quantum robot. The conception of quantum robot has been presented from physics by Benioff in 1998 [10,11], where he emphasized the importance of quantum computer in quantum robot and the quantum robot isn't aware of its environment, doesn't make decisions, doesn't carry out experiments or make measurement. However, we give a structure of quantum robot from engineer...