High Temperature Coatings for Oxidation and Erosion Protection of Heat-Resistant Carbonaceous Materials in High-Speed Flows

Abstract

Modern approaches to the creation of single-layer and multi-layer high-temperature coatings for the protection of heat-resistant carbon-containing composite materials from oxidation and erosion in the high-speed fluxes of oxygen-containing gases are analyzed. Particularly have been outlined the heat-resistant coatings, the main components of which are either super refractory transition metal borides (ZrB2, HfB2, TiB2) with the addition of carbides (SiC, ZrC, HfC, TiC, TaC), silicides (MoSi2, TiSi2, ZrSi2, TaSi2, WSi2) and nitrides (HfN, ZrN, TiN), or refractory oxides (HfO2, ZrO2), or more complex synthetic compositions based on oxide ceramics. The results of fire gas-dynamic tests of coatings of perspective compositions are presented. The potential architecture of ultra-high-temperature coatings with high efficiency of protective action is justified.

Oxidation Resistance of a Si–TiSi2–MoSi2–TiB2–CaSi2 Coating on a Cf/C–SiC Substrate in High-Speed High-Enthalpy Air Plasma Flows

“…The interaction of primary oxidation products with each other, limited by the rate of diffusion mass transfer of reagents in a complex heterogeneous system, leads to the formation of: (i) borosilicate glass phase with a single anionic matrix according to reaction (10); and (ii) new crystalline phases CaSi 2 O 5 and CaTiSiO 5 according to reactions (11) and (12), respectively. In this work, the distribution of boron in glass was not quantitatively estimated due to the low sensitivity of the EDS to light elements, especially with a low content (in reaction (10) y << x). The formation of solutions in the CaSi 2 O 5 -CaTiSiO 5 system that are immiscible with the borosilicate glass phase confirmed the effect of liquid-phase separation in the SiO 2 -TiO 2 -CaO system, which was reported in [34,39,40].…”

“…In high-speed high-enthalpy flows, the degradation of the structure of composites is significantly aggravated as a result of the simultaneous occurrence of thermochemical processes (oxidation, heterogeneous recombination), erosion, and ablation. The most effective way to increase the working temperatures of carbon-based materials is to apply heat-resistant anti-ablative coatings on surfaces in contact with oxidizing media [3,[6][7][8][9][10]. Increasing requirements for promising heat-shielding systems requires the creation of new, more effective coatings in comparison with existing technical solutions.…”

CCCM Specific Surface Estimation in Process of Low-Temperature Oxidation

“…Carbon-carbon composite materials (CCCM) are the basis for the creation of aerospace products that are operated under supercritical thermal, mechanical, and aerogasodynamic loads (Jin et al, 2018;Terentieva et al, 2011;Astapov and Terentieva, 2016;Yurishcheva et al, 2018). The main task in the technology of super-temperature carbon materials is to provide effective protection against oxidation under conditions of high-velocity flow around high-enthalpy flows of oxygen-containing gases (Astapov and Rabinskiy, 2017;Terentieva and Astapov, 2018;Astapov et al, 2019a;Astapov et al, 2019b).…”

“…The main task in the technology of super-temperature carbon materials is to provide effective protection against oxidation under conditions of high-velocity flow around high-enthalpy flows of oxygen-containing gases (Astapov and Rabinskiy, 2017;Terentieva and Astapov, 2018;Astapov et al, 2019a;Astapov et al, 2019b). Along with thermal spraying processes, chemical vapor deposition, and chemical vapor infiltration (Jin et al, 2018;Yurishcheva et al, 2018;Kiryukhantsev-Korneev et al, 2017;Kiryukhantsev-Korneev et al, 2018), slip protection coatings are widely used to protect CCCM (Astapov and Terentieva, 2016;Terentieva and Astapov, 2018;Astapov et al, 2019a;Kablov et al, 2017;Bankovskaya et al, 2018).…”