High Temperature Corrosion of Ceramics and Refractory Materials

Corrosion of Ceramic Materials

“…Corrosion in halogenides and SO 2 /SO 3 is not treated (see Jacobson, 1993;Marra, Kreidler, Jacobson, & Fox, 1988;Nickel & Gogotsi, 2000;Nickel et al, 2010;Presser, Heon, & Gogotsi, 2011;Readey, 1998;Van der Biest, Barnes, Corish, & Norton, 1987). Presser and co-workers (Presser et al, 2011) provide an overview of the reaction of different carbides with Cl 2 .…”

“…The equation has the physical meaning that the diffusion through the barrier is rate-controlling and as a result, the thickness of the barrier increases with ffiffi t p . More complicated equations have been derived for short reaction times (formation of the stable oxide layer) (Nickel et al, 2010;Nickel & Gogotsi, 2000). The above equation is valid for steady-state systems, i.e.…”

“…Bubbles can also be formed by impurities with higher oxidation rates (e.g. carbon in SiC) (Nickel et al, 2010;Nickel & Gogotsi, 2000;Schmalzried & Schwetz, 2010). Oxidation is strongly influenced by the porosity in the material.…”

“…Impurities in the gas phase can also change the diffusion coefficients in the oxide scale. Alkaline, sulphate and vanadium impurities in combustion gases have a significant negative effect on the oxidation stability of Si 3 N 4 and SiC (Jacobson, 1993;Klemm, 2010;Nickel et al, 2010;Nickel & Gogotsi, 2000;Petzow & Herrmann, 2002).…”

“…Corrosion behavior is therefore a property not of the material, but of the system including the material, the media and conditions such as temperature, pressure, medium type and volume or flow rate, and tribological as well as mechanical loads. Therefore, a simple statement concerning corrosion resistance of a material cannot be given because the material may be stable under one set of conditions, but unstable under another set of conditions (Jacobson, 1986;Klemm, 2010;Nickel & Gogotsi, 2000;Nickel, Quirmbach, & Pötschke, 2010;Petzow & Herrmann, 2002;Schmalzried & Schwetz, 2010).…”