High-temperature corrosion of Cr2O3-forming alloys in CO-CO2-N2 atmospheres

Zheng, Xiaoran; Young, David J.

doi:10.1007/bf01052021

Cited by 96 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, large amounts of primary carbide were oxidised in situ 2Cr 23 as has been observed before in the oxidation of cast heat resisting steels [10,13]. As already noted, the depth of interdendritic oxidation was much greater than that of intradendritic silica precipitation.…”

Section: Oxidationsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Although Cr 2 O 3 has negligible solubility for carbon [21], Grabke et al [22] have shown that chromia scales do transmit carbon. Furthermore, it appears from experiments conducted in mixed gases [23] that the carbon permeability of chromia scales depends on gas composition. That work showed that chromia scales grown in N 2 /CO/CO 2 mixtures were permeable to carbon.…”

Section: Carburisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High temperature corrosion of cast heat resisting steels in CO+CO2 gas mixtures

Xu¹,

Monceau²,

Young³

et al. 2008

Corrosion Science

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OATAO is an open access repository that collects the work of Toulouse researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. b s t r a c tTwo commercial variants of the cast heat resistant grade HP40Nb (Fe-25Cr-35Ni, Nb modified) were exposed to CO/CO 2 gases at 982 and 1080°C in order to simulate exposure to the carbon and oxygen potentials realised in steam reformers under normal and overheated conditions. Both alloys developed external chromium-rich oxide scales, intradendritic silica precipitates and interdendritic oxide protrusions where primary, interdendritic carbides were oxidised in situ. Surprisingly, the lower silicon content alloy developed a more continuous internal silica layer, thereby slowing external scaling. Intradendritic oxidation was fast in both alloys, and is attributed to interfacial oxygen diffusion. Both alloys underwent rapid internal carburisation, indicating that their oxide scales failed to prevent carbon access to the underlying alloys under these reaction conditions.

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Section: Oxidationsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Carburisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

High temperature corrosion of cast heat resisting steels in CO+CO2 gas mixtures

Xu¹,

Monceau²,

Young³

et al. 2008

Corrosion Science

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“…Furthermore, these scales grow at rates controlled by solid-state diffusion, and continuous pathways for gas phase transport through the scale therefore cannot exist during steady-state oxidation. In more recent studies involving carburisation of chromia-forming materials [7][8][9], molecular transport via grain boundaries has been suggested to account for carbon transfer through the scale. Several descriptions [1,2,10,11], which are thermodynamically equivalent but mechanistically different, have been proposed to account for the generation of a carburising environment within the scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carburisation of ferritic Fe–Cr alloys by low carbon activity gases

Gheno¹,

Monceau²,

Zhang³

et al. 2011

Corrosion Science

155

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“…Conversely, the CO 2 content probably did not increase significantly in the environment with the quartz hangers, where the CO-rich gas had little opportunity for reaction, due to the establishment of protective oxide scales on the specimen surfaces. According to Zheng et al [14] and Durham et al [15], oxide scales developed in CO/CO 2 environments are possibly more permeable to carbon inward diffusion than those developed in H 2 /H 2 O environments. In particular, they stated that the chromia scale formed in these environments allowed diffusion of CO molecules through submicroscopic defects, although evidence for the phenomenon was not provided.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of experimental conditions on the metal dusting phenomenon in several commercial nickel‐base alloys

Gabriele¹,

Stott

Liu

2007

Materials & Corrosion

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The corrosion phenomenon, metal dusting, has been observed in many high-temperature industrial plants, such as ammonia, syngas and steam-reforming industries. An experimental research programme has been carried out into the degradation resistance of wrought and cast commercial high-temperature nickel-base alloys in H 2 /CO gas mixtures at 650 C.The results in this paper are focused on the effect of the experimental set-up on the response of the alloy during exposure to the gas mixture; in particular, the specimen holders had an important role on the onset of carbon transfer from the gas to the alloy surfaces. Specimens of most alloys exposed to the gas mixture while suspended from quartz hangers were shown to have good resistance to the environment for periods up to 5000 h. On the other hand, specimens of these alloys, exposed while located in porous refractory ceramic holders, gained large amounts of coke and underwent severe damage. A series of short tests were carried out in order to ascertain the main factors influencing the alloy reactivities in the experimental rig. The presence of specimens of a less-resistant alloy and slight variations in gas composition (with the addition of CO 2 ) were observed to have a marked impact on the alloy reactivities. Factors such as catalysts, contaminants and gas composition were considered and are discussed.

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High-temperature corrosion of Cr2O3-forming alloys in CO-CO2-N2 atmospheres

Cited by 96 publications

References 28 publications

High temperature corrosion of cast heat resisting steels in CO+CO2 gas mixtures

High temperature corrosion of cast heat resisting steels in CO+CO2 gas mixtures

Carburisation of ferritic Fe–Cr alloys by low carbon activity gases

Effect of experimental conditions on the metal dusting phenomenon in several commercial nickel‐base alloys

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