High-Temperature Desulfurization of Coal Gas over Sm Doped Mn-based/MSU-S Sorbents

Abstract

Hexagonally ordered mesoporous MSU-S was assembled from nanoclustered zeolite seeds. The XRD and BET results verified that after treated in 10%H 2 O/N 2 atmosphere at 800°C for 2 h, MSU-S still remained a well-ordered hexagonal structure due to rich acidic sites and excellent hydrothermal stability. A series of Sm x Mn y O z /MSU-S sorbents were prepared by a sol−gel method. The desulfurization performances of the 55%Sm 5 Mn 95 /MSU-S sorbent were improved significantly due to high hydrothermal stability of MSU-S with high surface area as well as the synergistic effect between Mn and Sm 2 O 3 . The result of eight successive sulfurization/regeneration cycles of sorbent illustrated that high breakthrough sulfur capacity and endurable stability of 55%Sm 5 Mn 95 /MSU-S correlated closely with the existence of the framework 4-coordination aluminum (NH 3 -TPD, 27 Al MAS NMR) and high dispersion of Sm/Mn species on MSU-S (XRD, TPR) for H 2 S removal. HRTEM images and SAED patterns confirmed that fresh 55%Sm 5 Mn 95 /MSU-S existed in high ordered mesoporous structure and the nanosized Sm 2 O 3 and Mn 3 O 4 particles occurred in highly dispersive polycrystallites. The valence state of Mn species and the regeneration process of used sorbent were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and TG/DSC. In addition, the effects of reaction temperature, feed composition and Sm/Mn atomic ratio in sorbents on desulfurization performance were investigated.

Synthesis of a new phosphorylated ethylamine, thereon based phosphonamidates and their application as flame retardants

“…In many cases, a rise in char yield can be observed. [22,31,42,43] However, to propose a flame retardant mechanism, further investigations will be necessary. To prove the efficiency as FR, UL-94 V tests (Underwriter Laboratories 94-vertical burning test)* need to be performed.…”

Flame‐retardant properties and mechanisms of epoxy thermosets modified with two phosphorus‐containing phenolic amines

“…7,8 Recently, 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) has captured much interest for its great potential to construct phosphorus-nitrogen synergism because of its multiple structural diversification by functionalization. The high reactivity of PAH bond in DOPO can react with a number of electron-deficient compounds containing imine, 7,[9][10][11][12] maleimide, 13,14 phosphazene, 15,16 triazine, 6,17 and triazine-trione 18,19 structures, thus integrating phosphorus and nitrogen element into DOPO-based derivatives. These derivatives, either as reactive curing agents or additives introduced into epoxy matrices, have imparted improved flame retardancy to epoxy resins.…”

Phosphorus–nitrogen‐type fire‐retardant vinyl ester resin with good comprehensive properties

“…The Av-EHC and char yields at TOF are two popular methods to characterize the fire-retarded performance in the gaseous phase and condensed phase, respectively. 26,34,35 As shown in Table III, with increasing amount of TGIC-AA-DOPO, av-EHC gradually decreased. When the addition amount of flame retardant increased to 40%, its av-EHC decreased from 24.2 MJ/kg of the neat 901-VER thermoset to 17.3 MJ/kg.…”

“…[21][22][23] Recently, 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and its derivatives have been used to improve the flame-retardant performance of polymer materials because of their high reactivity, good thermal properties, high flame-retardant efficiency, and their relatively environmentally friendly features. [24][25][26][27][28] For instance, Qian et al 29 synthesized a novel flame retardant [DOPO-2-hydroxylethyl acrylate (HEA)] and incorporated it into VER. The flammability performance test results indicate that the high phosphorus content of the flame retardant endowed the resin with excellent flame retardancy.…”