High-temperature-immersion ultrasonic probe without delay line using PbTiO₃/Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ultrasonic transducer

Abstract

The behavior of a high-temperature-immersion ultrasonic probe without a delay line using a PbTiO 3 /Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PT/PZT) ultrasonic transducer was investigated empirically. A >100-µm-thick PT/PZT film was fabricated on a 200-µm-thick stainless steel substrate. After PT/PZT film fabrication, the substrate was bonded to a stainless steel pipe using a high-temperature waterproof adhesive material. The probe was tested in a water bath from room temperature to 100 °C for system verification. During three thermal cycles, the ultrasonic echoes had a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and reasonable repeatability. After that, the same probe was verified by testing it in the silicone oil from room temperature to 200 °C. The test was also repeated three times and the probe successfully demonstrated high-temperature durability, a high SNR, and repeatability throughout the experiments.

High temperature ultrasonic immersion measurements using a BS-PT based piezoelectric transducer without a delay line

“…Moreover, the front wall echo is affected by the gas bubbles adhering to the nickel faceplate of the transducer. Hence, silicon oil with smoke point greater than 200C was selected [62][63] for the evaluation of high temperature immersion ultrasonic transducer. The experimental arrangement and procedure is same as explained in section Fig.…”

“…The sensitivity of the ultrasonic transducer in water and silicon oil is also calculated as a function of temperature. The effect of thermal cycles on the sensitivity of the immersion transducer is given by [62] = 20 log +…”

Introduction of measurement techniques in ultrasonic electronics: Basic principles and recent trends

“…Therefore, the research related to ultrasonic nonlinearity has been valuable. 82 Ultrasonic properties of materials, phonon physics, acousto-optics Properties of materials viscosity [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] elasticity [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] Wave propagation [39][40][41][42][43] Waveguides 44) Piezoelectric materials [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] Quantum acoustics 55) Acousto-optics 30,31,34,39,40,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63]…”

Analysis of high temperature effects on piezoelectric based ultrasonic transducers

“…Due to the open case prototype, the transducer could not be connected to a gimble which is generally fitted with UHF connector to excite the transducer. In seeking to provide a performance metric, the sensitivity of the transducer is given by the relationship [Kibe et al (2015)] as follows: where V2 is a reference voltage (1 V), V1 is the peak amplitude of the first front wall echo from the RF signal and gain is given by the settings on the pulsar-receiver. The apparent mean of sensitivity of transducer over three thermal cycles is seen to reduce by about 12 dB as the temperature increased up to 92 o C as shown in the data from Fig.…”

“…Previously, it was seen that water limits the transducer performance evaluation to 92 o C. Furthermore, the estimated sensitivity of transducer is significantly affected by the gas bubbles adhering to the nickel faceplate of the transducer. Hence, silicone oil [Rehman (2001), Kibe et al (2015)] with a smoke point greater than 200 o C was selected for the evaluation of the high temperature immersion ultrasonic transducer.…”