High temperature lithium/sulfide batteries

This article gives a historical account of the development of spinel electrodes for rechargeable lithium batteries. Research in the late 1970s and early 1980s on hightemperature Li/Fe 3 O 4 cells led to the evaluation of lithium spinels Li[B 2 ]X 4 at room temperature (B = metal cation). This work highlighted the importance of the [B 2 ]X 4 spinel framework as a host electrode structure and the ability to tailor the cell voltage by selection of various B cations. Examples of lithium-ion cells that operate with spinel anode/spinel cathode couples are provided. Particular attention is given to spinels within the solid-solution system Li 1+x Mn 2−x O 4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.33).

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“…10,11 The operating temperature of the battery is ∼450°C. At this temperature, both metallic lithium and sulfur are molten.…”

Section: ) Lithium/iron Disulfide Batterymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electron diffraction patterns of (a) cubic spinel phase ([100] zone axis) and (b) lithiated ␥-MnO 2 phase with orthorhombic symmetry ([1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] zone axis) in a CDMO electrode.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinel Electrodes for Lithium Batteries

Thackeray

1999

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

202

146

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“…It has for a long time been synthesized chemically for studies in solar cells [1,2], but its efficiency is very low (1%) [3]. It has been used in commercial lithium primary cells [4,5] and high-temperature thermal batteries [6,7]. It has also been studied for use in secondary lithium cells at moderate temperatures (75-135 • C) [8] and at room temperature, but secondary lithium cells with natural pyrite electrodes showed poor reversibility [9,10] at room temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrite film synthesized for lithium-ion batteries

Huang

Liu

2009

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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“…The pseudocapacitive mechanism is more pronounced because of the more prominent role of surfaces and grain interfaces in nanomaterials. Reversible conversion reactions based on the reduction and oxidation of metal nanoparticles can ensue between binary compounds comprised of some second or third period element, a transition metal oxide, and metallic lithium [32][33][34][35][36][37]. Nanoparticles are extremely effective toward this means because of their large specific surface area that is very active toward the decomposition of the lithium binary compound.…”

Section: Advantages Of Nanostructured Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructurally Composed Nanoparticle Assemblies as Electroactive Materials for Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes

Uchaker

Cao

2015

Rechargeable Batteries

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Lithium-ion batteries are a well-established technology that has seen steady gains in performance based on materials chemistry as well as microstructure design and assembly over the past several decades. There are many material selections available when designing and assembling the device such as electro-active species, additives, and particle size/morphology to name a few. Many of the research proclamations focusing on the advantages of nanosized electrodes have yet to find commercial application, and considerable improvements in energy density and stability are still necessary in order to achieve energy storage parity. Therefore, the design and use of kinetically stabilized nanostructures should be considered. Over the past several years, significant studies have been conducted examining the synthesis and performance of heterogeneous structures. While heterogeneous structures typically refer to the combination of two or more materials, in this case it refers to architectures displaying more than one size scale (i.e., micro/nano). A great deal of recent efforts have focused on the formation and understanding of nanoparticle superstructures with a vast range of architectures. The design of microstructurally composed nanoparticle assemblies would, for instance, possess the

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High temperature lithium/sulfide batteries

Cited by 56 publications

References 22 publications

Spinel Electrodes for Lithium Batteries

Spinel Electrodes for Lithium Batteries

Pyrite film synthesized for lithium-ion batteries

Microstructurally Composed Nanoparticle Assemblies as Electroactive Materials for Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes

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