High temperature monitoring of an oxy-fuel fluidized bed combustor using femtosecond infrared laser written fiber Bragg gratings

Walker, Raymond W.; Ding, Huimin; Coulas, David; Grobnic, Dan; Lü, Ping; Mihailov, Stephen J.; Duchesne, Marc; Hughes, Robin W.; McCalden, David J.; Burchat, Ryan; Yandon, Robert

doi:10.1117/12.2209399

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Similarly, for gas turbine engine development, accurate combustor and exhaust measurements are increasingly important since demands for higher efficiency and more stringent emission targets drive operation closer to established limits. Femtosecond laser written Type II silica based FBG sensor arrays were fabricated using the phase mask approach and deployed in a number of combustor systems used for power generation [ 70 , 71 ] and transportation [ 72 ].…”

Section: Applications Of Fs-laser Induced Fbgs For Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the FBGs under reported temperatures by 5 to 10% in some cases, this can be attributed to calibration and packaging issues. Given that the wavelength to temperature calibration curves were established for unpackaged FBGs [ 71 ], the effects of heat transfer due to the package’s thermal conductivity have not been included. These differences can therefore be corrected through re-calibration and by improving the package design to reduce thermal wicking.…”

Section: Applications Of Fs-laser Induced Fbgs For Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extreme Environment Sensing Using Femtosecond Laser-Inscribed Fiber Bragg Gratings

Mihailov

Grobnic

Hnatovsky

et al. 2017

Sensors

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114

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The femtosecond laser-induced fiber Bragg grating is an effective sensor technology that can be deployed in harsh environments. Depending on the optical fiber chosen and the inscription parameters that are used, devices suitable for high temperature, pressure, ionizing radiation and strain sensor applications are possible. Such devices are appropriate for aerospace or energy production applications where there is a need for components, instrumentation and controls that can function in harsh environments. This paper will present a review of some of the more recent developments in this field.

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Section: Applications Of Fs-laser Induced Fbgs For Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Applications Of Fs-laser Induced Fbgs For Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme Environment Sensing Using Femtosecond Laser-Inscribed Fiber Bragg Gratings

Mihailov

Grobnic

Hnatovsky

et al. 2017

Sensors

Self Cite

114

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“…Type II FBG arrays have been used in several applications: for monitoring temperature gradients of the flame tube of a low emission burner [ 25 ], to monitor an entrained flow gasifier [ 18 ] and an oxy-fuel fluidized bed combustor [ 26 ]. Type II FBGs fabricated inside an air-hole fiber were used to measure pressure in a high temperature ambient environment (800 °C) [ 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber Bragg Grating Wavelength Drift in Long-Term High Temperature Annealing

Grobnic

Hnatovsky

Dedyulin

et al. 2021

Sensors

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High-temperature-resistant fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are the main competitors to thermocouples as sensors in applications for high temperature environments defined as being in the 600–1200°C temperature range. Due to their small size, capacity to be multiplexed into high density distributed sensor arrays and survivability in extreme ambient temperatures, they could provide the essential sensing support that is needed in high temperature processes. While capable of providing reliable sensing information in the short term, their long-term functionality is affected by the drift of the characteristic Bragg wavelength or resonance that is used to derive the temperature. A number of physical processes have been proposed as the cause of the high temperature wavelength drift but there is yet no credible description of this process. In this paper we review the literature related to the long-term wavelength drift of FBGs at high temperature and provide our recent results of more than 4000 h of high temperature testing in the 900 –1000°C range. We identify the major components of the high temperature wavelength drift and we propose mechanisms that could be causing them.

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“…The Type II IR-fs modification, characterized by a high level of anisotropic index change 8 and resulting birefringence, is typically induced by the presence of nanogratings. As relates to applications, fs-FBGs have recently been tested as temperature sensors for monitoring fluidized bed combustors 17 , as well as for radiation resistant temperature sensors 18,19 . The refractive change is 3D localized and involves significant stress-induced changes around the irradiated regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Femtosecond laser direct writing in SiO₂‐Al₂O₃ binary glasses and thermal stability of Type II permanent modifications

et al. 2020

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We investigate the potential of fabricating thermally stable refractive index contrasts using femtosecond (fs) near-infrared (IR) radiation in aluminosilicate glasses. A set of pure SiO 2-Al 2 O 3 glasses are manufactured, characterized (density and Raman) and investigated after being irradiated by fs laser within the Type II regime. The formation of nanogratings is identified and studied using quantitative birefringence measurements. Their thermal stability is then investigated through 30min step isochronal annealing (up to 1250°C). For both SiO 2 and 50SiO 2-50Al 2 O 3 compositions, the normalized birefringence does not decrease when tested up to 1100°C, while for the 4,6 mol% GeO 2-SiO 2 erased for 20% at 1000°C.

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High temperature monitoring of an oxy-fuel fluidized bed combustor using femtosecond infrared laser written fiber Bragg gratings

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Extreme Environment Sensing Using Femtosecond Laser-Inscribed Fiber Bragg Gratings

Extreme Environment Sensing Using Femtosecond Laser-Inscribed Fiber Bragg Gratings

Fiber Bragg Grating Wavelength Drift in Long-Term High Temperature Annealing

Femtosecond laser direct writing in SiO₂‐Al₂O₃ binary glasses and thermal stability of Type II permanent modifications

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High temperature monitoring of an oxy-fuel fluidized bed combustor using femtosecond infrared laser written fiber Bragg gratings

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Extreme Environment Sensing Using Femtosecond Laser-Inscribed Fiber Bragg Gratings

Extreme Environment Sensing Using Femtosecond Laser-Inscribed Fiber Bragg Gratings

Fiber Bragg Grating Wavelength Drift in Long-Term High Temperature Annealing

Femtosecond laser direct writing in SiO2‐Al2O3 binary glasses and thermal stability of Type II permanent modifications

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Femtosecond laser direct writing in SiO₂‐Al₂O₃ binary glasses and thermal stability of Type II permanent modifications