“…Several methods have been proposed to improve output power, including the reduction in optical field confinement in the epitaxial growth direction by reducing quantum well (QW) thickness 2,3) or utilizing a large optical cavity design, 4,5) and the prevention of facet absorption by employing windowmirror structures. 6,7) More recently, several efforts have been made to reduce threshold current or operation current to further improve output power. 1,[8][9][10] On the other hand, the requirement for the maximum operation temperature of the AlGaInP LDs has also recently been increased from 60 to 80 C, 10) particularly for outdoor applications such as portable players or computers.…”