High-Temperature Oxidation Behavior of HASTELLOY C-4 in Steam

Hussain, Nazar; Qureshi, A. H.; Shahid, K. A.; Chughtai, N. A.; Khalid, Fazal Ahmad

doi:10.1023/b:oxid.0000032328.23022.31

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The authors' results are in accordance with the work of other authors, which have proposed that kinetics was not strongly affected by the presence of water vapour in short term tests up to 1100uC. [28][29][30][31][32] During the SY 625 alloy oxidation, chromium is the alloying element leading to the protective Cr 2 O 3 chromia layer formation. In pure chromium, it has been demonstrated that water vapour mainly acts on the chromia scale plasticity to prevent scale cracking.…”

Section: Kinetic Aspectssupporting

confidence: 88%

Effects of 7·5 vol.-% water vapour on oxidation of nickel based alloy between 900 and 1100°C

Rolland

Issartel

Perrier

et al. 2011

Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology

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A Ni based SY 625 alloy was oxidised at 900, 1000 and 1100uC under dry and wet conditions. Water vapour has little effect on the oxidation rate and scale composition. At 900 and 1000uC, the outer scale is composed of Cr 2 O 3 , and a continuous NbNi 4 -Ni 3 Mo subscale is found at the oxide/ alloy interface. At 1100uC, the scale is composed of an outer chromia scale and an internal CrNbO 4 subscale. Nevertheless, the oxide scale morphology differs between dry and wet conditions. Under dry conditions, the oxide scale appears to be compact, and chromia pegs are observed at the internal interface. The oxide scales formed under wet conditions show that porosities spread inside the scale, and the chromia grain size is smaller. At 1100uC, some scale spallation is observed under dry and wet conditions probably due to the molybdenum oxidation, leading to MoO 3 evaporation and void accumulation at the internal interface.

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Section: Kinetic Aspectssupporting

confidence: 88%

Effects of 7·5 vol.-% water vapour on oxidation of nickel based alloy between 900 and 1100°C

Rolland

Issartel

Perrier

et al. 2011

Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology

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“…The activation energies for wet hydrogen oxidation were approximately half those for air ($340 kJ mol À1 compared with $180 kJ mol À1 ). Hussain et al [49,50] reported that Hastelloy C-4 formed a protective scale in 100% steam at all temperatures in the range 600-1200°C whereas the scale spalled when formed in air. Surprisingly there was no evidence for the volatilization of chromia as CrO 2 (OH) 2 when a Ni 25%Cr 0.01%Y alloy when oxidised air +5% H 2 O at 950°C for exposures of up to 4000 h [44].…”

Section: Chromia-forming Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The very surprising observation that volatilization of chromia as CrO 2 (OH) 2 does not seem to occur should be verified. The work of Hussain and co-workers [49,50] suggests that Ni-containing oxides may be unaffected by the presence of water vapour. However, from the work of Zhou et al [14] where it was shown that in the presence of 5% water vapour in oxygen resulted in an increase in the oxidation rate of an alumina-forming NiCrAlY coating compared with the rate in dry oxygen at 1050°C.…”

Section: Chromia-forming Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

The oxidation behaviour of metals and alloys at high temperatures in atmospheres containing water vapour: A review

Saunders

Monteiro

Rizzo

2008

Progress in Materials Science

568

248

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“…It has been reported that Nimonic 75 remained unaffected in 50% and 100% water vapour at 1100 C for 25 h [5] and with 10% water vapour in Ar [6]. Hastelloy C-4 for example formed a protective scale in pure steam at all temperatures from 600 to 1200 C, whereas the scale spalled when formed in air [1,7,8]. It was suggested that Ni containing oxides may be unaffected by the water vapour [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation of nickel-based alloys in dry and water vapour containing air

Juez‐Lorenzo

Kolarik

Werner

et al. 2012

Materials at High Temperatures

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Ni-based alloys are widely used in power generation and their oxidation behaviour in the uncoated state is of interest, especially the impact of water vapour in the air on the formation of a protective underlying alumina scale. High-temperature X-ray diffraction was applied to investigate in situ the oxide scale formation in the initial state on the alumina formers CM247DS and CMSX4 in comparison to the chromia formers IN792 and SCA425+. Post-oxidation analysis was performed by field emission scanning electron microscopy. The samples were oxidised for 100 h at 950 degrees C in dry air and in air with 20% relative moisture in the high temperature device on the X-ray diffractometer. In dry air, CM247 and CMSX-4 form alpha-Al2O3 from the beginning simultaneously with spinels and nickel oxide. The alumina scale underlies the spinels which spall partially on cooling. When adding water vapour, the same oxides were formed simultaneously resulting in a comparable oxide scale. IN792 forms in dry air mainly NiAl2O4 and transitionally CrO2 under laid by an alumina scale. With water vapour, Cr2O3 forms and the underlying alumina scale shows a non coherent dendritic structure. SCA425+ forms in dry air Cr2O3 and Cr containing mixed oxides and with water vapour a more coherent alumina scale than IN792

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High-Temperature Oxidation Behavior of HASTELLOY C-4 in Steam

Cited by 23 publications

References 4 publications

Effects of 7·5 vol.-% water vapour on oxidation of nickel based alloy between 900 and 1100°C

Effects of 7·5 vol.-% water vapour on oxidation of nickel based alloy between 900 and 1100°C

The oxidation behaviour of metals and alloys at high temperatures in atmospheres containing water vapour: A review

Oxidation of nickel-based alloys in dry and water vapour containing air

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