High-Temperature Oxidation of Heavy Boron-Doped Diamond Electrodes: Microstructural and Electrochemical Performance Modification

Abstract

In this work, we reveal in detail the effects of high-temperature treatment in air at 600 °C on the microstructure as well as the physico-chemical and electrochemical properties of boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes. The thermal treatment of freshly grown BDD electrodes was applied, resulting in permanent structural modifications of surface depending on the exposure time. High temperature affects material corrosion, inducing crystal defects. The oxidized BDD surfaces were studied by means of cyclic voltammetry (CV) and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), revealing a significant decrease in the electrode activity and local heterogeneity of areas owing to various standard rate constants. This effect was correlated with a resultant increase of surface resistance heterogeneity by scanning spreading resistance microscopy (SSRM). The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the rate and heterogeneity of the oxidation process, revealing hydroxyl species to be dominant on the electrode surface. Morphological tests using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that prolonged durations of high-temperature treatment lead not only to surface oxidation but also to irreversible structural defects in the form of etch pits. Our results show that even subsequent electrode rehydrogenation in plasma is not sufficient to reverse this surface oxidation in terms of electrochemical and physico-chemical properties, and the nature of high-temperature corrosion of BDD electrodes should be considered irreversible.

Enhanced susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD protein assay targeted by cellular receptors ACE2 and CD147: Multivariate data analysis of multisine impedimetric response

“…BDD electrodes were grown on p-type (100)-oriented silicon substrates. The nucleation of the substrates was carried out via sonication in a nanodiamond suspension (crystallite size of 5–10 nm) for 1 h [28] . During deposition, the process temperature of the substrate was kept at 700 °C.…”

Enhanced susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD protein assay targeted by cellular receptors ACE2 and CD147: multivariate data analysis of multisine impedimetric response

“…BDD electrodes were grown on ptype (100)-oriented silicon substrates. The nucleation of the substrates was carried out via sonication in a nanodiamond suspension (crystallite size of 5-10 nm) for 1 h (Ryl et al, 2020). During deposition, the process temperature of the substrate was kept at 700 °C.…”

Boron doped diamond electrode in analytical chemistry: methods of electrode surface activation (а short review)

“…У 2011 р. видавництво Wiley [1] опублікувало монографію, у якій ґрунтовно розглянуто синтез, електрохімічні властивості і застосування, особливо промислове, алмазних плівок, допованих бором (АДБ). За останні роки особливостям використання АДБЕ в аналітичній хімії та характеристиці розроблених методик аналізу присвячено низку оглядових статей [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. ____________________  Душна О., Дубенська Л., Войс М., 2022 Зокрема, в праці [3] наведено короткі характеристики вольтамперометричних методик визначення різних речовин за період 2016-2018 рр.…”

“…Для характеристики поверхні АДБЕ використовують скануючу електронну мікроскопію (SEM) і раманівську спектроскопію [9,21,35,53]. На рис.…”