High Temperature Rotational Rheology of the Seed Flour to Predict the Texture of Canned Red Kidney Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris)

Abstract

The pasting profile of starchy tissues is conventionally measured by recording the apparent viscosity (η) in heating/cooling cycles. However, conventional rheometers show critical limitations when the starch is embedded in compact protein-rich cotyledon matrices, as occurs in pulses. In this work, the pasting profile of 13 red kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) from the same cultivar but different growing locations was investigated using a heating/cooling cycle at higher temperature (130 °C) and pressurized conditions, using both water and brine as cooking solvents. It was hypothesized that the continuous measure of η at these conditions of flours from the dry seed would correlate with the texture, as determined by the mini-Kramer cell, of the beans after the entire process of soaking and canning. Furthermore, mechanistic answers were obtained by investigating their composition (starch, protein, and ash content) and physical properties (water holding capacity, seed ratio and weight). Interestingly, as opposed to the pasting profile at 95 °C, pasting indicators at 130 °C, including trough and final viscosity, strongly correlated with starch and protein content, seed coat ratio and, remarkably, with the firmness of the beans after canning when brine was incorporated. These results clearly show that small beans with a high protein content would bring about a more compact matrix that restricts starch from swelling and results in canned beans with a hard texture, which can be predicted by a lower pasting profile of the whole bean flour.

Compositional Attributes of Blue Lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) Seeds for Selection of High-Protein Cultivars

“…This correlation could be related to the fact that bigger seeds have a lower seed coat-to-cotyledon ratio. In this regard, it is known that protein is preferentially found in the cotyledon of the legumes, while the protein content in the seed coat is lower and presents a higher presence of carbohydrates. , Therefore, bigger seeds seem to be preferential to obtain higher recoveries of the isoelectric precipitated protein isolates, probably due to better protein extraction from the cotyledon tissues. In addition, a higher weight of the seeds was also positively related to the recovery on the protein basis ( r = 0.57, p < 0.006).…”

Research for Rural Development 2023 : annual 29th international scientific conference proceedings

“…In the menu of legumes for humans, lentils, peas, millet, peanuts, lupines and varied botanical classifications different types of beans, also soy (Kinyanjui et al, 2015;Park et al, 2020;Schmelter, Rohm, & Struck, 2021) (Glycine max L.) are the first most harvested legumes in the world, next second place is taken by peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) providing an important nutrition source for humans (Jiao et al, 2014).…”

“…Legumes are in the spotlight among all plant-based protein sources and play an important role in human nutrition for their high composition of protein, minerals, starch, vitamins, and carbohydrates, including dietary fibre. Legumes are particularly important since the utilization of animal-based proteins is limited due to restricted affordability or ethical, religious, and nutrition habits (Pasqualone et al, 2020;Park et al, 2020;Lignicka & Galoburda, 2022).…”

The anti-nutritional factors of legumes and their treatment possibilities: a review

“…In the menu of legumes for humans, lentils, peas, millet, peanuts, lupines and varied botanical classifications different types of beans, also soy (Kinyanjui et al, 2015;Park et al, 2020;Schmelter, Rohm, & Struck, 2021) (Glycine max L.) are the first most harvested legumes in the world, next second place is taken by peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) providing an important nutrition source for humans (Jiao et al, 2014).…”