High temperature sintering and its effect on dimensional and geometrical precision and on microstructure of low alloyed steels

Abstract

The effect of high-temperature sintering (1180°C and 1250°C) on the dimensional stability, geometrical precision, density and microstructure of rings made of five different low alloy steels was studied. Density and dimensional shrinkage slightly increase with temperature, but the dimensional and the geometrical precision of parts, do not depend on sintering temperature. Sintering temperature maybe therefore increased up to 1250°C without impairing the dimensional and geometrical precision of the investigated rings. An estimation of the effect of the high sintering temperature on tensile properties is presented, based on the microstructure and on the fraction of the load-bearing section. A significant increase in both tensile strength and tensile ductility may be expected, in particular when the sintering temperature is increased up to 1250°C.

Consolidation of water-atomized chromium–nickel-alloyed powder metallurgy steel through novel processing routes

“…Similar studies have been carried out on low-alloyed PM steels through P&S processing route to achieve high-density values using HT sintering at 1250°C. 34 Additionally, the effect of lubricants on the green strength in improving the sinter density has been investigated in the past. 35 In the current study, the need for lubricants is eradicated, thereby enhancing the sustainable approach of this processing route.…”

A Review of Carbon-Based Conductive Inks and Their Printing Technologies for Integrated Circuits

“…The prepared conductive ink is transferred to the substrate using different electronic printing methods [11]. After removing the nonconductive carrier solvent and the additive using low-temperature curing [12], high-temperature sintering [13], laser irradiation [14], and other postprocessing means, the volume of the conductive ink shrinks and the conductive functional phases are closely connected to form a conductive network, which can form a conductive pathway under the action of an external voltage to achieve conductive function [15]. The conductive mechanism of conductive inks is quite complex, and the microscopic and macroscopic levels are usually applied with different conductive mechanisms.…”

“…The classification of conductive inks is multitudinous. According to the curing method of conductive inks, they can be divided into low-temperature curing [12], high-temperature sintering [13], chemical sintering [30], photonic curing [31], and microwave and plasma sintering [32]. In terms of various printing modes, they can be categorized into screen printing, gravure printing, flexographic printing, and inkjet printing.…”

Influence of die wall lubrication on tensile properties of high temperature sintered and sinterhardened low alloy steel

“…In the common industrial practice indeed, sintering of structural steels is carried out at a temperature high enough to activate mass transport to form the metallic bonding between particles while limiting densification, to guarantee dimensional control. Sintering at higher temperatures to promote densification and the improvement of pore morphology is used in only a few cases, even though the interest of industry is growing [1, 2].…”