High temperature steam oxidation of chromium-coated zirconium-based alloys: Kinetics and process

Brachet, Jean-Christophe; Rouesne, Elodie; Ribis, J.; Guilbert, Thomas; Urvoy, Stéphane; Nony, G.; Toffolon-Masclet, Caroline; Saux, Matthieu Le; Chaâbane, Nihed; Palancher, H.; David, Amandine; Bischoff, Jeffrey E.; Augereau, Julien; Pouillier, Édouard

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2020.108537

Cited by 238 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

128

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The oxidation behavior of E110 alloy with the metallic Cr coating is well correlated with recently published data [1,9]. As oxidation time increases, the fast Cr-Zr inter-diffusion and penetration of O and N to the Zr alloy results in the transition to non-protective scale.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…For the Cr sample (Figure 6a-c), the significant changes of elemental distributions are observed as oxidation time increases. Such behavior corresponds to transition from protective to non-protective scale of the coating [1,7], when the oxidation kinetics accelerates and the ZrO2 layer can be formed beneath the residual Cr layer. It is clearly seen by the change of the oxygen penetration depth from ~5 to 40 μm with increasing oxidation time from 20 to 40 min, respectively.…”

Section: Elemental Distributions Over a Depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, a wide variety of materials have been studied as protective coatings on zirconium fuel claddings to improve its resistance under normal operation (~360 ° C, 18.6 MPa) and design-based accident (DBA, up to 1200 °C) conditions. The majority of scientific groups and organizations suggest metallic chromium as the most suitable material for the development of accident tolerant fuel (ATF) claddings [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Growth of a chromia (Cr2O3) layer on surface of Cr-coated Zr alloy decelerates oxygen diffusion to the alloy and significantly increases its oxidation resistance (e.g., by an order of magnitude at 1200 °C for 10 min [7]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Protection of Zr Alloy under High-Temperature Air Oxidation: A Multilayer Coating Approach

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metallic Cr and multilayer CrN/Cr coatings with a thickness of 2.5 µm were deposited onto E110 alloy by magnetron sputtering. Oxidation tests in air were performed at 1100 °C for 10–40 min. The gravimetric measurements showed better protective properties of multilayer CrN/Cr coatings in comparison with metallic Cr coating. Multilayer coating prevented fast Cr–Zr inter-diffusion by the formation of a ZrN layer beneath the coating. The appearance of ZrN is caused by interaction with nitrogen formed from the decomposition of CrN to Cr2N phases. Optical microscopy revealed a residual Cr layer for the multilayer CrN (0.25 µm)/Cr (0.25 µm) coating for all the oxidation periods. Additional in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies of coated alloy during linear heating up to 1400 °C showed that the formation of the Cr2Zr phase in the case of multilayer coatings occurred at a higher (~150 °C) temperature compared to metallic Cr. Multilayer coatings can decrease the nitrogen effect for Zr alloy oxidation. Uniform and thinner oxide layers of Zr alloy were observed when the multilayer coatings were applied. The highest oxidation resistance belonged to the CrN/Cr coating with a multilayer step of 0.25 µm.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Elemental Distributions Over a Depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Protection of Zr Alloy under High-Temperature Air Oxidation: A Multilayer Coating Approach

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Few Nb and Fe atoms also exist. This layer is formed due to Cr-Zr inter-diffusion, and it seems that the diffusion layer is mainly Zr(Cr,Fe) 2 intermetallic 38 according to the Cr/Zr and Cr-Zr phase diagram 39 . The content of Fe is too low to detect via EDS analysis in the Zr substrate.…”

Section: Structural Characterization Of the Oxide Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation behavior of Cr-coated zirconium alloy cladding in high-temperature steam above 1200 °C

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dense, uniform, and well-adhered chromium (Cr) coatings were deposited on zirconium (Zr) alloy claddings by using physical vapor deposition (PVD). The Cr-coated samples were tested at 1200 oC and 1300 oC, respectively, for different exposure time in water steam environment. Microstructures and compositions of the coating/substrate system after oxidation were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electronic microscopy, and energy dispersion spectrometer. The microstructural results clearly demonstrated that Cr2O3 layer has been produced on the coating surface, acting as an oxygen diffusion barrier and concomitantly reducing the oxidation rate. The experimental results on weight gains soundly supported the microstructural findings that the Cr coatings could protect the Zr substrate from high-temperature steam oxidation, even at a temperature up to 1300 oC. Finally, the oxidation kinetics was theoretically analyzed and the underlying oxidation mechanism was also clarified.

show abstract

“…For example, He et al (2019) found that the oxide layer that formed on the Cr coating prepared by the multi-arc ion plating technique caused a 93.35% reduction in the oxidation weight gain of a Zr-4 alloy during oxidation at 1,060 • C, which reflected the remarkable oxidation resistance of the Cr coating. Brachet et al (2019), Brachet et al (2020) prepared Cr coatings using a physical vapor deposition (PVD) process and found that they exhibited superior oxidation and fretting resistance as well as good adhesion to the Zr substrate. Kim et al (2015) found that a thick Cr coating (90 µm in thickness) slightly increased the tensile and compressive strengths of the coated Zr-4 substrate, which might be due to its high strength and ductility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastoplastic Deformation and Fracture Behavior of Cr-Coated Zr-4 Alloys for Accident Tolerant Fuel Claddings

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2021

Front. Energy Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In situ tensile tests and crystal plasticity finite element modeling (CPFEM) were used to study the deformation and cracking behaviors of Cr-coated Zr-4 alloys for accident tolerant fuel claddings under tension. Based on the experimental results, vertical cracks in the coating generally initiated from the interface between the coating and the substrate, and expanded to the top surface of the coating. In addition, under large deformation, the vertical cracks also resulted in interfacial cracks that initiated from the cracking tips and propagated along the interface. According to the CPFEM, the cracking behaviors were mainly caused by the substantial stress concentration at the coating/substrate interface and at the grain boundaries in the Cr coating. The preferential crack initiation was related to the strain localization associated with grain orientation variation and strain mismatch.

show abstract

High temperature steam oxidation of chromium-coated zirconium-based alloys: Kinetics and process

Cited by 238 publications

References 42 publications

Protection of Zr Alloy under High-Temperature Air Oxidation: A Multilayer Coating Approach

Protection of Zr Alloy under High-Temperature Air Oxidation: A Multilayer Coating Approach

Oxidation behavior of Cr-coated zirconium alloy cladding in high-temperature steam above 1200 °C

Elastoplastic Deformation and Fracture Behavior of Cr-Coated Zr-4 Alloys for Accident Tolerant Fuel Claddings

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About