Search citation statements
Paper Sections
Citation Types
Year Published
Publication Types
Relationship
Authors
Journals
Cited by 9 publications
References 0 publications
Artikel enthalt die wesentlichen Einzelheiten des Entwicklungsverlaufs der Chemiefaserforschung in den letzten 80 Jahren. I n diesem Zeitraum sind drei Entwicklungsabschnitte zu erkennen: Bis in die dresiger Jahre ist die Forschung uber die Regeneratcellulose vorherrschend. Die zweite, rnit der Entdeckung der Synthesefaserstoffe beginnende Phase ist mehr durch fundamentale und darauf aufbauende angewandte Forschung gekennzeichnet und entspricht dem sturmischen Vordringen der Synthesefaserproduktion. Der dritte gegenwartige und in die Zukunft weisende Abschnitt ist durch das Vordringen der physikalischen und physikalisch-chemischen Faserforschung und die Untersuchung der Struktur-Eigenschaftsbeziehungen charakterisiert. Der Beitrag endet rnit einigen Zukunftsbetrachtungen, in denen u. a. auf die Renaissance der Celluloseregeneratfasern infolge der Rohstoff-und Energiesituation eingegangen wird.HccJceaoeanue xuntuuecxux BOJCOEOM -e npowont, e nacmomqee e p e m u e 6yayupnt B aToM nepxone MOWCHO BnAennTb T P~ aTana p a a s n~m : no 30-nx roAoB npeo6~1a~ano mysetrue raapavqer-JIIOJIO~H. BTOPO~ a~a n , HawmamqHficR c OTKPMTHR cmmeTmecKax BOJIOKOH, x a p a~~e p a a y e~c~ @yHnanaeaTaJIb-XnMHqecKoro accregosaHaR BOJIOHOH H ~a y r e~~e~ xoppenqxi MemAy CTPYKTYPO~ n CBoficTBaMa. B KoHqe neme HcHyccTBeHHux BOJIOKOH, C B R~~H H O~ c cHpbesuM n aHepreTnsecKnM nonomeHneM. Man-made fibre research in the past, presence and futureThe essential details of man-made fibre research within the past 80 years are surveyed. Three stages can be discerned: Up to the thirties the predominant subject of research was regenerated cellulose. The second stage, beginning with the discovery of synthetic fibres, was characterized preferentially by basic research but, based thereon also by applied research, pushed on by the rapid developments in the field of industrial production. The third stage embraces recent investigations including future aspects and means, actually, phTsical and physico-chemical fibre research with particular respect to the relationships between structure and properties. Finally, the revival of regenerated cellulose fibres caused by the deficiency of petrochemical raw material and energy is taken into consideration. CTaTbR COAePHCki T BaWCHbIe @KTH pa3BUTHR HaYsHbIX UCCJIeAOBaHHfi XHMH4eCKUX BOJIOKOH 8a llOCJIeAHHe 80 JIeT. HHM H UPHKJIWHHM HCCJIeAOBaHEl RMM H COOTBeTCTByeT CTpeMHTeJIbHOMy pa3BHTHH) llpOH8BOfiCTBa CYHTeTHWCKHX BOJIOKOH. TpeTHB, COBpeMeHHbIt 3Tall OlIpeAeJIReTCR BbIP(BBWCeHHeM Ha IIepBHB IIJIU @i3HWCKOrO H GH3HKO-CTaTbEl PaCCMaTpHBaIOTCR HeKOTOpbIe IlpOrHO3bI Ha by~y~qee, B KOTOPHX MeWCAy IlpOqHM 3aTparEBaeTCR BO8pOWC- VorredeDer Umfang meines Themas und eine bemessene Vortragszeit veranlassen mich, die ,,Kunst des Weglassens" zu uben, d. h. fast alles, was ich auswahlte und Ihnen vortragen werde, ist iiicht frei von Subjektivismus. Das machte ich eingangs bekcnnen, damit ich Erwartungen auf einen auch nur einigermaBen vollstandigen oberblick uber die Chemiefaserforschung etwa der vergangenen 80 Jahre nicht en...
Artikel enthalt die wesentlichen Einzelheiten des Entwicklungsverlaufs der Chemiefaserforschung in den letzten 80 Jahren. I n diesem Zeitraum sind drei Entwicklungsabschnitte zu erkennen: Bis in die dresiger Jahre ist die Forschung uber die Regeneratcellulose vorherrschend. Die zweite, rnit der Entdeckung der Synthesefaserstoffe beginnende Phase ist mehr durch fundamentale und darauf aufbauende angewandte Forschung gekennzeichnet und entspricht dem sturmischen Vordringen der Synthesefaserproduktion. Der dritte gegenwartige und in die Zukunft weisende Abschnitt ist durch das Vordringen der physikalischen und physikalisch-chemischen Faserforschung und die Untersuchung der Struktur-Eigenschaftsbeziehungen charakterisiert. Der Beitrag endet rnit einigen Zukunftsbetrachtungen, in denen u. a. auf die Renaissance der Celluloseregeneratfasern infolge der Rohstoff-und Energiesituation eingegangen wird.HccJceaoeanue xuntuuecxux BOJCOEOM -e npowont, e nacmomqee e p e m u e 6yayupnt B aToM nepxone MOWCHO BnAennTb T P~ aTana p a a s n~m : no 30-nx roAoB npeo6~1a~ano mysetrue raapavqer-JIIOJIO~H. BTOPO~ a~a n , HawmamqHficR c OTKPMTHR cmmeTmecKax BOJIOKOH, x a p a~~e p a a y e~c~ @yHnanaeaTaJIb-XnMHqecKoro accregosaHaR BOJIOHOH H ~a y r e~~e~ xoppenqxi MemAy CTPYKTYPO~ n CBoficTBaMa. B KoHqe neme HcHyccTBeHHux BOJIOKOH, C B R~~H H O~ c cHpbesuM n aHepreTnsecKnM nonomeHneM. Man-made fibre research in the past, presence and futureThe essential details of man-made fibre research within the past 80 years are surveyed. Three stages can be discerned: Up to the thirties the predominant subject of research was regenerated cellulose. The second stage, beginning with the discovery of synthetic fibres, was characterized preferentially by basic research but, based thereon also by applied research, pushed on by the rapid developments in the field of industrial production. The third stage embraces recent investigations including future aspects and means, actually, phTsical and physico-chemical fibre research with particular respect to the relationships between structure and properties. Finally, the revival of regenerated cellulose fibres caused by the deficiency of petrochemical raw material and energy is taken into consideration. CTaTbR COAePHCki T BaWCHbIe @KTH pa3BUTHR HaYsHbIX UCCJIeAOBaHHfi XHMH4eCKUX BOJIOKOH 8a llOCJIeAHHe 80 JIeT. HHM H UPHKJIWHHM HCCJIeAOBaHEl RMM H COOTBeTCTByeT CTpeMHTeJIbHOMy pa3BHTHH) llpOH8BOfiCTBa CYHTeTHWCKHX BOJIOKOH. TpeTHB, COBpeMeHHbIt 3Tall OlIpeAeJIReTCR BbIP(BBWCeHHeM Ha IIepBHB IIJIU @i3HWCKOrO H GH3HKO-CTaTbEl PaCCMaTpHBaIOTCR HeKOTOpbIe IlpOrHO3bI Ha by~y~qee, B KOTOPHX MeWCAy IlpOqHM 3aTparEBaeTCR BO8pOWC- VorredeDer Umfang meines Themas und eine bemessene Vortragszeit veranlassen mich, die ,,Kunst des Weglassens" zu uben, d. h. fast alles, was ich auswahlte und Ihnen vortragen werde, ist iiicht frei von Subjektivismus. Das machte ich eingangs bekcnnen, damit ich Erwartungen auf einen auch nur einigermaBen vollstandigen oberblick uber die Chemiefaserforschung etwa der vergangenen 80 Jahre nicht en...
synopsisThe changes in physical properties such as moisture regain, tensile strength, elongation at break, bursting strength, and resistance to abrasion of cellulose modified with different oxidizing agents such as dichromatesulfuric acid, sodium hypochlorite in presence of leuco vat dyes, and potassium metaperiodate and of the corresponding products obtained as a result of reduction with sodium borohydride and those by oxidation with chlorous acid have been studied. Results are critically discussed in the light of existing knowledge on the changes that occur in the fine structure as well as in the chemical structure of cellulose during the mentioned modifications. I t i pointed out that complex changes in physical properties of cotton cellulose brought about by chemical modification could hardly be evaluated and interpreted in terms of one or two physical or chemical parameters.
On the basis of previous work, a model for the structure of cellulose fibers is proposed. The effect of degree of polymerization (DP), lateral order, and orientation on tensile properties is discussed in the light of this model. A program was set up to determine separately the effects of the different factors on the tensile properties of various fibers. From this work parameters were derived to express these effects quantitatively in a manner that would be applicable to various types of cellulose fibers. This program consisted of three major lines of investigation: (a) the effect of varying stretch in viscose spinning on the tensile properties of rayon fibers, (b) the effect of hydrolytic degradation of various cellulose fibers on their tensile properties, (c) an investigation of the effect of DP, lateral order, and orientation on the tensile properties of a wide variety of commercial rayons. The first study was undertaken to obtain quantitative information about the effect of orientation on tensile properties. The second investigation was attempted to determine the effect of the degree of polymerization. In the third study the findings obtained in the course of the first two ipvestigations were applied to commercial rayon samples for the purpose of demonstrating their applicability in explaining the tensile properties of these fibers. The discussion of the results of these investigations is preceded by a description of the experimental methods applied in spinning or degrading the samples. The analytical methods used in characterizing the samples for DP, perfection of order, and degree of orientation are also discussed. In a study of the effect of molecular orientation on tensile properties, several series of tire rayons were spun under identical conditions except for variations in stretch ratio. Thus, rayon samples were obtained having the same degree of polymerization and, as proven by x‐ray investigations, having the same perfection of order but varying orientation. The results of the x‐ray orientation measurements were evaluated in different ways according to several suggestions found in the literature. It was found that the square of the orientation parameter fr = 1 − 3/2 sin2 β is linearly related to the tensile strength of the conditioned yarns. The tensile strength of the wet yarn and the elongation in the dry and wet states were also found to be related to expressions derived from this parameter. In the second study, the effect of acid hydrolysis on the tensile properties of cotton, textile rayon, high wet modulus rayons, tire yarn, Meryl, and Fortisan was investigated. Since it, was considered a neressary condition that the effect of DP on tensile strength could only be clearly separated when the degradation could be achieved under conditions which did not alter the perfection of order and the degree of orientation of the cellulose molrcules in the fibers, most of the samples were subjected t o x‐ray analysis. The results obtained clearly indicated that in all cases the hydrolysis caused the fo...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
Contact Info
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Product
Resources
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.
