High‐Throughput Computational Analysis of Biofilm Formation from Time‐Lapse Microscopy

Salama, Ola E.; Gerstein, Aleeza C.

doi:10.1002/cpz1.194

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 45 publications

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“…fitness (e.g. [26]); machine learning may be able to quantify growth rates from images of TBR1, tbr1, and TBR5 strains on semi-solid media [44]. Our model could be augmented to incorporate nutrient diffusion and depletion [45], which results in spatial heterogeneity of the resource supply and slows mat expansion due to an increasingly nutrient-depleted environment (figure C9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fitness effects of a demography-dispersal trade-off in expanding Saccharomyces cerevisiae mats

Hall,

Bandara,

Charlebois

2024

Phys. Biol.

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Fungi expand in space and time to form complex multicellular communities. The mechanisms by which they do so can vary dramatically and determine the life-history and dispersal traits of expanding populations. These traits influence deterministic and stochastic components of evolution, resulting in complex eco-evolutionary dynamics during colony expansion. We perform experiments on budding yeast strains genetically-engineered to display rough-surface and smooth-surface phenotypes in colony-like structures called ``mats''. Previously, it was shown that the rough-surface strain has a competitive advantage over the smooth-surface strain when grown on semi-solid media. We experimentally observe the emergence and expansion of segments with a distinct smooth-surface phenotype during rough-surface mat development. We propose a trade-off between dispersal and local carrying capacity to explain the relative fitness of these two phenotypes. Using a modified stepping-stone model, we demonstrate that this trade-off gives the high-dispersing, rough-surface phenotype a competitive advantage from standing variation, but that it inhibits this phenotype's ability to invade a resident smooth-surface population via mutation. However, the trade-off improves the ability of the smooth-surface phenotype to invade in rough-surface mats, replicating the frequent emergence of smooth-surface segments in experiments. Together, these computational and experimental findings advance our understanding of the complex eco-evolutionary dynamics of fungal mat expansion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fitness effects of a demography-dispersal trade-off in expanding Saccharomyces cerevisiae mats

Hall,

Bandara,

Charlebois

2024

Phys. Biol.

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The role of artificial intelligence in biofilm detection

Bankar,

Shelke

et al. 2024

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Differential response ofCandidaspecies morphologies and isolates to fluconazole and boric acid

Salama

Gerstein

2022

Preprint

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Candida albicans is the most prevalent cause of vulvovaginal candidiasis ('yeast infection') and recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis, though the incidence of non-albicans yeast species is increasing. The azole fluconazole is the primary antifungal drug used to treat R/VVC yet isolates from some species have intrinsic resistance to fluconazole, and recurrent infection can occur even with fluconazole-susceptible populations. The second-line broad-spectrum antimicrobial drug, boric acid, is an alternative treatment that has been found to successfully treat complicated VVC infections. Far less is known about how boric acid inhibits growth of yeast isolates in different morphologies compared to fluconazole. We found significant differences in drug resistance and drug tolerance (the ability of a subpopulation to grow slowly in high levels of drug) between C. albicans, C. glabrata, and C. parapsilosis isolates, with the specific relationships dependent on both drug and phenotype. Population-level variation for both susceptibility and tolerance was broader for fluconazole than boric acid in all species. Unlike fluconazole, which neither prevented hyphal formation nor disrupted mature biofilms, boric acid inhibited C. albicans hyphal formation and reduced mature biofilm biomass and metabolic activity in all isolates in a dose-dependent manner. Variation in planktonic response did not generally predict biofilm phenotypes. Overall, our findings illustrate that boric acid is broadly effective at inhibiting growth across many isolates and morphologies, which could explain why it is an effective treatment for R/VVC.

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High‐Throughput Computational Analysis of Biofilm Formation from Time‐Lapse Microscopy

Cited by 4 publications

References 45 publications

Fitness effects of a demography-dispersal trade-off in expanding Saccharomyces cerevisiae mats

Fitness effects of a demography-dispersal trade-off in expanding Saccharomyces cerevisiae mats

The role of artificial intelligence in biofilm detection

Differential response ofCandidaspecies morphologies and isolates to fluconazole and boric acid

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