High-Velocity, Light-Gas Gun

Crozier, W. D.; Hume, W. F.

doi:10.1063/1.1722882

Cited by 82 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…As can be seen from Fig. 98, which shows data from Cook 7 1 , the detonation pressure can be related to the density by PD = K p 2 (4.12)…”

Section: Petnmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…- (2,80) Knowing the shock pressure as a function of position, it is possible to determine' the time required for the shock to move from r = R o to r = 0. Assuming a strong shock, Eq.…”

Section: Romentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The conditions irmediatoly behind the detonation wave in the gaseous mixture were taken from Benoit 5 0 , whr) did delai.ed equilibrium real gas calculations for detonation waves in mixtures of the type, 2H 2 + 02 + nile + mH 2 for values of 0 . n < 6 and 0 < m< 6. in general.…”

Section: (33)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Application of Implosion Wave Dynamics to a Hypervelocity Launcher

Flagg¹

1967

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“…As can be seen from Fig. 98, which shows data from Cook 7 1 , the detonation pressure can be related to the density by PD = K p 2 (4.12)…”

Section: Petnmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…- (2,80) Knowing the shock pressure as a function of position, it is possible to determine' the time required for the shock to move from r = R o to r = 0. Assuming a strong shock, Eq.…”

Section: Romentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Application of Implosion Wave Dynamics to a Hypervelocity Launcher

Flagg¹

1967

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“…The extracellular route may occur with large particles due to failures between the cell boundaries (Soliman, 2011). For example, Mitchell et al (2003) have fired stainless steel microparticles of 25 mm average diameter into canine buccal mucosa using light gas gun (Crozier & Hume, 1957), which is governed by the microparticle transport through extracellular route. However, the disadvantage is that large particle sizes may cause a lot of damage or destroy the skin surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microneedle-assisted microparticle delivery by gene guns: experiments and modeling on the effects of particle characteristics

2014

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Microneedles (MNs) have been shown to enhance the penetration depths of microparticles delivered by gene gun. This study aims to investigate the penetration of model microparticle materials, namely, tungsten (51 mm diameter) and stainless steel (18 and 30 mm diameters) into a skin mimicking agarose gel to determine the effects of particle characteristics (mainly particle size). A number of experiments have been processed to analyze the passage percentage and the penetration depth of these microparticles in relation to the operating pressures and MN lengths. A comparison between the stainless steel and tungsten microparticles has been discussed, e.g. passage percentage, penetration depth. The passage percentage of tungsten microparticles is found to be less than the stainless steel. It is worth mentioning that the tungsten microparticles present unfavourable results which show that they cannot penetrate into the skin mimicking agarose gel without the help of MN due to insufficient momentum due to the smaller particle size. This condition does not occur for stainless steel microparticles. In order to further understand the penetration of the microparticles, a mathematical model has been built based on the experimental set up. The penetration depth of the microparticles is analyzed in relation to the size, operating pressure and MN length for conditions that cannot be obtained in the experiments. In addition, the penetration depth difference between stainless steel and tungsten microparticles is studied using the developed model to further understand the effect of an increased particle density and size on the penetration depth.

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“…Because the resulting pressure of the shock wave generated in these types of experiments is determined by the impact velocity, there has been considerable interest in finding techniques which can be used to extend the range of the impact velocities. Gun systems, for example, were traditionally limited by two-stage launcher technology to velocities of approximately 7 km/s, 2 until the development of the hypervelocity launcher 3 which utilizes a graded density impactor to produce quasi-isentropic loading of a third stage flyer to velocities of 12 km/s. Later, isentropic loading was magnetically generated using the Sandia National Laboratories Z accelerator 4 where flyer velocities of over 25 km/s have been obtained.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High pressure Hugoniot measurements using converging shocks

Brown

Ravichandran

Reinhart

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Physics

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Plate impact experiments are a powerful tool in equation of state development, but are inherently limited by the range of impact velocities accessible to the facility. In an effort to dramatically increase the range of pressures which can be studied with available impact velocities, a new experimental technique is examined. The target plate is replaced by a composite assembly consisting of two concentric cylinders. The target is designed such that the initial shock velocity in a well-characterized outer cylinder is higher than in the inner cylinder material of interest. Conically converging shocks will be generated at the interface due to the impedance mismatch between the two materials and axisymmetric geometry. Upon convergence, an irregular reflection occurs and the conical analog of a Mach reflection develops. This Mach reflection grows until it reaches a steady state, at which point the high pressure state in the Mach disk can be measured using velocity interferometry and impedance matching techniques. The technique is demonstrated by studying the shock response of copper. A strong confinement setup utilizes a low impedance 6061-T6 aluminum outer cylinder and the weak confinement case features a higher impedance molybdenum outer cylinder. The experimental results for copper are in good agreement with a simple analytical model, numerical simulations, and data in the literature. The possibility of utilizing full field measurements to make multiple Hugoniot measurements is also examined.

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High-Velocity, Light-Gas Gun

Cited by 82 publications

References 1 publication

The Application of Implosion Wave Dynamics to a Hypervelocity Launcher

The Application of Implosion Wave Dynamics to a Hypervelocity Launcher

Microneedle-assisted microparticle delivery by gene guns: experiments and modeling on the effects of particle characteristics

High pressure Hugoniot measurements using converging shocks

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