High voltage spinel cathode materials for high energy density and high rate capability Li ion rechargeable batteries

Katiyar, Rajesh K.; Singhal, Rahúl; Asmar, Karina; Valentin, Ricky; Katiyar, Ram S.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.05.017

Cited by 40 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, those values were acquired at lower discharge rates (e.g., 0.2 C) or number of cycles (e.g., 20 cycles) compared to results obtained in this study at a relatively higher current rate. The initial discharge capacity is higher in this study compared to the other published results [34,36].…”

Section: Electrochemical Characterizationcontrasting

confidence: 79%

“…Among these elements, the addition of Cr has been shown to be more successful than the others to increase cell performance [15,17]. The electrochemical activity will increase to 4.9 V where the Cr 3+ /Cr 4+ redox couple occur [11,12] [10,21,22,[34][35][36][37]. According to Yi et al [22], the gel is a complex network where the metal ions are uniformly distributed in the matrix which prevents phase separation and yields particles with homogeneous size and chemistry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of annealing temperature on the electrochemical and surface properties of the 5-V spinel cathode material LiCr0.2Ni0.4Mn1.4O4 synthesized by a sol–gel technique

Younesi

Malmgren

Edström

et al. 2014

J Solid State Electrochem

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LiCr 0.2 Ni 0.4 Mn 1.4 O 4 was synthesized by a sol-gel technique in which tartaric acid was used as oxide precursor. The synthesized powder was annealed at five different temperatures from 600 to 1,000°C and tested as a 5-V cathode material in Li-ion batteries. The study shows that annealing at higher temperatures resulted in improved electrochemical performance, increased particle size, and a differentiated surface composition. Spinel powders synthesized at 900°C had initial discharge capacities close to 130 mAh g −1 at C and C/2 discharge rates. Powders synthesized at 1,000°C showed capacity retention values higher than 85 % at C/2, C, and 2C rates at 25°C after 50 cycles. Annealing at 600-800°C resulted in formation of spinel particles smaller than 200 nm, while almost micron-sized particles were obtained at 900-1,000°C. Chromium deficiency was detected at the surface of the active materials annealed at low temperatures. The XPS results indicate presence of Cr 6+ impurity when the annealing temperature was not high enough. The study revealed that increased annealing temperature is beneficial for both improved electrochemical performance of LiCr 0.2 Ni 0.4 Mn 1.4 O 4 and for avoiding formation of Cr 6+ impurity on its surface.

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Section: Electrochemical Characterizationcontrasting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of annealing temperature on the electrochemical and surface properties of the 5-V spinel cathode material LiCr0.2Ni0.4Mn1.4O4 synthesized by a sol–gel technique

Younesi

Malmgren

Edström

et al. 2014

J Solid State Electrochem

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“…The cyclic voltammogram showed [ Figure 2] three well defined oxidation peaks at 4.07 V, 4.76 V, and 4.87 V. The peak at 4.07 V is due to Mn 3+ /Mn 4+ redox couple while the peaks at 4.76 V and 4.87 V are due to Ni 2+ /Ni 4+ and Cr^/Cr 4 * redox couple, respectively [18]. It has been reported earlier in LiMn1.5Nio.4Cro.1O4 by XPS data that Mn exists in +3 and +4 states and Cr exist in +3 state [16]. Figure 3 showed charge-discharge behavior of LiMn1.5Nio.4Cro.1O4/LiPF6 (1:1 EC:DMC)/Li coin cells.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…It was reported that the best electrochemical performance was observed in case of x = 0.5, with the two distinct discharge plateau at around 4.7 V and 4.0 V. The maximum discharge capacity was found as 140.18 mAh/g with 98% discharge capacity retention after 50 charge-discharge cycles. In order to obtain stable high energy density cathode material, we have synthesized Cr doped LiMn1.5Nio.5O4 cathode material [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In‐Situ Impedance Spectroscopy of LiMn _1.5 Ni _0.4 Cr _0.1 O ₄ Cathode Material

Asmar

Singhal

Katiyar

et al. 2010

Ceramic Transactions Series

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LiMn1.5Nio.4Cro.1O4 cathode material has been synthesized using sol-gel method for possible application in high energy density Li ion rechargeable batteries. The half cells were tested using cyclic voltammetry and charge discharge cycling. Doping with 5% Cr seems to improve operating voltage (4.88V) and cell stability compared to un-doped material (4.7V). In-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopic measurements were performed before and after each charge and discharge cycle, respectively. After several cycles the diffusional impedance for lithium at the cathode electrolyte interface was found to be high compared to the electron transfer impedance that followed a slight decrease in discharge capacity.

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“…The adoptions of advanced power battery in electric vehicle are mainly Ni-Mh battery and lithium-ion battery [5]- [7]. Lithium-ion battery is characterize by high capacity, long life, high power density, and it will replace the present Ni-Mh battery to be the main energy storage system of the electric vehicle going with the declining costs [8], [9]. The economy is another very important aspect which will determine whether they can survive in the market competition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on relationship between SOC and OCV of lithium-ion batteries

Zhong¹,

Huang²,

Jianhua³

et al. 2014

ijsgce

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Electric Vehicles (EVs) are developed rapidly due to the energy and the environment problem. Lithium-ion batteries play an important role in energy storage system of EVs or other devices. The characteristics of power lithium-ion batteries are closely connected to ambient temperature. A battery testing system, including the charge/discharge device, the thermal chamber, DAQ card and etc, was constructed. With which, the experiments of 18650 cells and packs are carried out for the laws between SOC and OCV, also for the discharge capacity with different rates and ambient temperatures. These results can be used in battery management system (BMS) design for electric vehicles..

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High voltage spinel cathode materials for high energy density and high rate capability Li ion rechargeable batteries

Cited by 40 publications

References 23 publications

Influence of annealing temperature on the electrochemical and surface properties of the 5-V spinel cathode material LiCr0.2Ni0.4Mn1.4O4 synthesized by a sol–gel technique

Influence of annealing temperature on the electrochemical and surface properties of the 5-V spinel cathode material LiCr0.2Ni0.4Mn1.4O4 synthesized by a sol–gel technique

In‐Situ Impedance Spectroscopy of LiMn _1.5 Ni _0.4 Cr _0.1 O ₄ Cathode Material

Experimental study on relationship between SOC and OCV of lithium-ion batteries

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High voltage spinel cathode materials for high energy density and high rate capability Li ion rechargeable batteries

Cited by 40 publications

References 23 publications

Influence of annealing temperature on the electrochemical and surface properties of the 5-V spinel cathode material LiCr0.2Ni0.4Mn1.4O4 synthesized by a sol–gel technique

Influence of annealing temperature on the electrochemical and surface properties of the 5-V spinel cathode material LiCr0.2Ni0.4Mn1.4O4 synthesized by a sol–gel technique

In‐Situ Impedance Spectroscopy of LiMn 1.5 Ni 0.4 Cr 0.1 O 4 Cathode Material

Experimental study on relationship between SOC and OCV of lithium-ion batteries

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Product

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In‐Situ Impedance Spectroscopy of LiMn _1.5 Ni _0.4 Cr _0.1 O ₄ Cathode Material